Abstract: [Objective and Method]In the Populus euphratica original ecological environment,the 4-factor 5-level orthogonal test was designed to discuss the 4 factors 5-level orthogonal test:density, irrigation, fertilization and spraying the amount of fulvic acid. [Result]The results showed that the impact on irrigation water use efficiency of Populus euphratica was the main factors;the order of the intensity of the factors affecting water use efficiency of Populus euphratica was: irrigation frequency> fulvic acid spray volume> density> fertilizer; [Conclusion]the best combination of improving water use efficiency of the Populus euphratica was irrigation cycle 1 time per 16 days, the planting density was 25 plant per pot the concentration of fertilizer was 1 mg/mL, the concentration of fulvic acid spraying was 1.6 mg/mL.