新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 345-354.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.02.010

• 园艺特产·土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度对绿色葡萄干色泽及干燥特性的影响

马云龙1,2(), 谢辉2, 张雯2, 朱学慧2,3, 王艳蒙2,3, 麦斯乐2,3, 张佳喜1()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所/农业农村部新疆地区果树科学观测试验站/省部共建干旱荒漠区作物抗逆遗传改良与种质创新国家重点实验室/新疆特色果蔬基因组研究与遗传改良重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
    3.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-18 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-03-19
  • 通信作者: 张佳喜(1973-),男,研究员,研究方向为农牧业机械,(E-mail)563810112@qq.com
  • 作者简介:马云龙(1996-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为果蔬干燥,(E-mail)1286001135@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才青年拔尖人才项目“新疆特色制干果树产业关键技术研究与示范”(2022TSYCCX0068);葡萄干提质增效与葡萄生物活性物质高效提取关键技术研究(2022B02045-3);国家自然科学基金项目(31960577);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020001);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-ZP-08);教育部第二批新工科研究与实践项目“新工科教育体系下农业工程类专业人才培养质量提升路径探索与实践”(E-SPNL20202326,地方高校组)

Effects of temperature on color and drying characteristics of green raisins

MA Yunlong1,2(), XIE Hui2, ZHANG Wen2, ZHU Xuehui2,3, WANG Yanmeng2,3, MAI Sile2,3, ZHANG Jiaxi1()   

  1. 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    2. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology(Xinjiang), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs /The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions(Preparation)/Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables/ Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
    3. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
  • Received:2023-06-18 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-03-19
  • Correspondence author: ZHANG Jiaxi(1973-), male, associate professor, research field:design and experimental study of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery, (E-mail)563810112@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Talent Project(Autonomous Region Youth Top Talent Project, Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies of Xinjiang Characteristic Dried Fruit Tree Industry(2022TSYCCX0068);Study on the key techniques of improving quality of raisins and extracting bioactive sub stances from grape(2022B02045-3);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960577);The Preliminary Study Special Program of Key Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science(xjkcpy-2020001);Modern agriculture industry technology system special fund(CARS-29-ZP-08);The Second New Engineering Research and practice project of the Ministry of Education"The exploration and practice of improving the quality of agricultural engineering talents under the new engineering education system"(E-SPNL20202326,Local University Group)

摘要:

【目的】研究不同温度条件下热风干燥对葡萄干色泽相关指标、水分扩散系数的影响,为绿色葡萄干的工业化生产加工提供理论和技术支撑。【方法】采用不同温度(30、32.5、35、37.5和40℃)对无核白葡萄进行干燥,分析温度对葡萄色泽、水分扩散系数及制干品质的影响,拟合干燥动力学模型。【结果】干燥温度为35℃时绿色葡萄干比率最高达到64%,色泽与原料的差异最小,色差ΔE仅为6.99,Ch0Lab等色泽指标分别为18.23、1.4、14.57、2.99、17.95。叶绿素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、总酚含量分别为0.56、0.19、0.36、0.32、0.18 mg/g。35℃更适宜绿色葡萄干加工。最符合葡萄干燥的模型,决定系数 R2值最大,误差平方和、SSE和均方根误差RMSE均值最小,分别为 0.998 1、0.005 4和 0.007 7。绿色葡萄干最适宜的有效水分扩散系数为5.334 8×10-9【结论】热风干燥温度为35℃时最有利于无核白绿色葡萄制干,35℃时有效水分扩散系数分别为30、32.5、37.5和40℃的114.13%、110.58%、95.17%和76.58%,Logarithmic 模型可以有效的描述热风干燥工艺条件下葡萄果实水分的变化规律。

关键词: 无核白葡萄; 温度; 绿色葡萄干; 热风干燥; 动力学模型; 有效水分扩散系数

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of hot air drying on the color and luster indexes and moisture diffusion coefficient of raisins under different temperature conditions were studied, which provided theoretical and technical support for the industrial production and processing of green raisins.【Methods】 Different temperatures(30, 32.5, 35, 37.5 and 40℃)were used to dry seedless white grapes, and the effects of temperature on grape color change, moisture diffusion coefficient and raisin quality were analyzed, and the drying kinetic model was fitted.【Results】 When the drying temperature was 35°C, the ratio of green raisins reached 64%, the difference between color and raw materials was the smallest, the color difference ΔE was only 6.99, and the color indexes of C, h0, L, a, b and so on were 18.23, 1.4, 14.57, 2.99 and 17.95, respectively.Chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and total phenols were 0.56, 0.19, 0.36, 0.32 and 0.18 mg/g, respectively.35℃ is more suitable for green raisin processing.The most consistent model for grape drying, with the largest coefficient of determination R2, the sum of squared errors and the mean of SSE and root mean square error Rmse the smallest, respectively, 0.998,1, 0.005,4, and 0.007,7.The most suitable effective water diffusion coefficient of green raisins is 5.334,8×10-9.【Conclusion】 The effective water diffusion coefficients of 30, 32.5, 37.5 and 40℃ were 114.13%, 110.58%, 95.17% and 76.58%, respectively, and the Logarithmic model could effectively illustrate the variation of grape fruit moisture under the hot air drying process.

Key words: white kernelless grapes; temperature; green raisins; hot air drying; kinetic model; effective moisture diffusion coefficient

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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