不同地面覆盖方式对酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰果实品质的影响及综合评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.011

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 1131-1139.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.011

不同地面覆盖方式对酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰果实品质的影响及综合评价

户金鸽(), 白世践, 陈光, 蔡军社

新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善 838200

收稿日期:2023-10-14 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-07-09
作者简介:户金鸽(1982-),女,新疆人,硕士,副研究员,研究方向为葡萄栽培,(E-mail) hujinge2007@sina.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金子项目(KY2022107);新疆维吾尔自治区少数民族特培项目(2022D03033);吐鲁番市重点研发项目(2021006);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-26)

Effects of different ground mulch types on the berry quality of Marselan wine grape and comprehensive evaluation

HU Jinge(), BAI Shijian, CHEN Guang, CAI Junshe

Institute of Grapes and Melons of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanshan Xinjiang 838200, China

Received:2023-10-14 Published:2024-05-20 Online:2024-07-09
Correspondence author: HU Jinge (1982-), female, from Xinjiang,master, associate research, research direction: viticulture, (E-mail) hujinge2007@sina.com
Supported by:
Public Welfare Research Institutes Basic Scientific Business Expensens Special Funds of the Department of Science and Technology of Xinjiang(KY2022107);Special Training Project for Ethnic Minorities in the Autonomous Region in 2022(2022D03033);The Key Research and Development Project in Turpan(2021006);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-29-26)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同地面覆盖方式对酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰果实品质的影响。【方法】以5年生SO4砧木嫁接的酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰为试材,以清耕栽培为对照,研究行间铺设园艺地布(BGM)和生草栽培(GM)2种地面覆盖方式对马瑟兰果实品质的影响。【结果】园艺地布和生草栽培均可以提高葡萄果穗质量、果粒质量和果粒纵横径。园艺地布的葡萄萎蔫率最高为5.45%,出汁率最低为32.89%,生草栽培未出现葡萄萎蔫现象,其出汁率显著高于对照。园艺地布降低了葡萄果实可溶性固形物和还原糖含量,生草栽培提高了葡萄可溶性固形物和还原糖含量。园艺地布和生草栽培均可降低葡萄果实可滴定酸和pH值,提高糖酸比。园艺地布和生草均显著提高了葡萄果皮总酚、类黄酮、黄烷醇和单宁含量,虽然园艺地布和生草改变了葡萄花色苷含量,但和对照间均无差异性。2种地面覆盖方式可提高葡萄果皮FRAP和ABTS的抗氧化活性,但显著降低了DPPH的抗氧化活性。26个葡萄品质指标之间存在不同程度的极显著获显著性正相关或负相关,相关系数介于-1.00~+1.00。【结论】在新疆吐鲁番市可选择生草栽培作为酿酒葡萄优质栽培新模式。

关键词: 酿酒葡萄; 地面覆盖; 果实品质; 抗氧化活性

Abstract:

【Objective】To study the effects of different ground mulching types on the berry quality of wine grape Marselan.【Methods】Five-year old grafted Marselan/SO4 was taken as test materials, clean tillage one as the control to study the effects of inter-row spaces of the vineyard covered with black geotextiles (BGM) and inter-row spaces of the vineyard with natural growing grass (GM) on Marselan grape quality.【Results】The results showed that cluster weight, berry weight, longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter were increased by ground mulch.Wilting percent of BGM was the highest, with 5.45%, juice yield was the lowest (32.89%), there was no wilting percent for GM, juice yield was significant higher for GM than CK.Soluble solid and reducing sugar content were decreased for BGM and increased fur GM.BGM and GM decreased titratable acid and pH, but increased sugar/acid.Total phenol, flavonoids, flavanols and tannins content in fruit peel were significantly increased for BGM and GM, anthocyanins content in peel were changed, but there was no difference.FRAP and ABTS antioxidant activity for BGM and GM were increased, but DPPH antioxidant activity for BGM and GM were significantly decreased.The correlation analysis of 26 berry quality indexes showed that there were significant positive or negative correlations, with correlation coefficients ranging from -1.00 to +1.00.【Conclusion】In turpan, grass mulch can be selected as a new model of wine grape cultivation.

Key words: wine grape; ground mulch types; berry quality; antioxidant capacity

中图分类号:

S663.1

户金鸽, 白世践, 陈光, 蔡军社. 不同地面覆盖方式对酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰果实品质的影响及综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1131-1139.

HU Jinge, BAI Shijian, CHEN Guang, CAI Junshe. Effects of different ground mulch types on the berry quality of Marselan wine grape and comprehensive evaluation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(5): 1131-1139.

图/表 5

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测定指标 Measurement indexes	对照CK Compare	园艺地布BGM Horticultural ground cloth	生草栽培GM Sod-culture
X₁果穗质量Cluster weight(g)	109.40±45.23 ^b	127.32±20.76 ^b	172.83±61.80^a
X₂紧密度Density	4.67±1.15 ^b	4.33±0.98 ^b	6.17±1.03 ^a
X₃萎蔫率Wilting percent (%)	0.91±2.02 ^b	5.45±6.88^a	0.00±0.00 ^b
X₄出汁率Juice yield(%)	33.42±0.25 ^b	32.89±0.11 ^b	38.29±0.59 ^a
X₅果粒质量Berry weight (g)	0.91±0.09 ^b	0.93±0.04 ^b	1.18±0.05 ^a
X₆果粒纵径Longitudinal diameter(mm)	10.76±0.52 ^c	12.07±0.29 ^b	12.90±0037 ^a
X₇果粒横径Transverse diameter(mm)	10.70±0.42 ^c	11.97±0.44 ^b	12.38±0.32 ^a
X₈果形指数Fruit shape index	1.01±0.04^b	1.01±0.04 ^b	1.04±0.03 ^a
X₉可溶性固形物Soluble solid (°Brix)	24.20±0.00 ^ab	23.73±0.12 ^b	24.47±0.46 ^a
X₁₀还原糖Reducing sugar content (g/mL)	233.33±2.45 ^b	224.40±2.15 ^c	242.80±3.15 ^a
X₁₁可滴定酸Titratable acid (%)	0.84±0.02 ^a	0.80±0.02 ^b	0.83±0.00^ab
X₁₂糖酸比Sugar/acid	27.88±0.97^b	28.06±0.54 ^ab	29.43±0.38^a
X₁₃ pH值pH value	3.48±0.10 ^a	3.30±0.01 ^b	3.28±0.01 ^b
X₁₄L	25.03±0.75 ^a	24.93±1.26 ^a	25.21±0.77^a
X₁₅a	-0.63±0.44 ^ab	-0.28±1.10 ^a	-1.27±0.76 ^b
X₁₆b	-2.82±0.47 ^b	-2.58±0.40 ^b	-1.97±0.39 ^a
X₁₇C	2.92±0.49 ^a	2.77±0.59 ^ab	2.44±0.51^b
X₁₈CIRG	3.68±0.35 ^b	6.43±3.08 ^a	4.91±1.54 ^ab

测定指标 Measurement indexes	对照CK Compare	园艺地布BGM Horticultural ground cloth	生草栽培GM Sod-culture
X₁果穗质量Cluster weight(g)	109.40±45.23 ^b	127.32±20.76 ^b	172.83±61.80^a
X₂紧密度Density	4.67±1.15 ^b	4.33±0.98 ^b	6.17±1.03 ^a
X₃萎蔫率Wilting percent (%)	0.91±2.02 ^b	5.45±6.88^a	0.00±0.00 ^b
X₄出汁率Juice yield(%)	33.42±0.25 ^b	32.89±0.11 ^b	38.29±0.59 ^a
X₅果粒质量Berry weight (g)	0.91±0.09 ^b	0.93±0.04 ^b	1.18±0.05 ^a
X₆果粒纵径Longitudinal diameter(mm)	10.76±0.52 ^c	12.07±0.29 ^b	12.90±0037 ^a
X₇果粒横径Transverse diameter(mm)	10.70±0.42 ^c	11.97±0.44 ^b	12.38±0.32 ^a
X₈果形指数Fruit shape index	1.01±0.04^b	1.01±0.04 ^b	1.04±0.03 ^a
X₉可溶性固形物Soluble solid (°Brix)	24.20±0.00 ^ab	23.73±0.12 ^b	24.47±0.46 ^a
X₁₀还原糖Reducing sugar content (g/mL)	233.33±2.45 ^b	224.40±2.15 ^c	242.80±3.15 ^a
X₁₁可滴定酸Titratable acid (%)	0.84±0.02 ^a	0.80±0.02 ^b	0.83±0.00^ab
X₁₂糖酸比Sugar/acid	27.88±0.97^b	28.06±0.54 ^ab	29.43±0.38^a
X₁₃ pH值pH value	3.48±0.10 ^a	3.30±0.01 ^b	3.28±0.01 ^b
X₁₄L	25.03±0.75 ^a	24.93±1.26 ^a	25.21±0.77^a
X₁₅a	-0.63±0.44 ^ab	-0.28±1.10 ^a	-1.27±0.76 ^b
X₁₆b	-2.82±0.47 ^b	-2.58±0.40 ^b	-1.97±0.39 ^a
X₁₇C	2.92±0.49 ^a	2.77±0.59 ^ab	2.44±0.51^b
X₁₈CIRG	3.68±0.35 ^b	6.43±3.08 ^a	4.91±1.54 ^ab

测定指标 Measurement indexes	对照CK Compare	园艺地布BGM Horticultural ground cloth	生草栽培GM Sod-culture
X₁₉花色苷含量Anthocyanins (mg/kg)	740.57±9.86^a	777.37±126.34 ^a	664.32±18.59 ^a
X₂₀总酚含量Total phenol content (mg/g)	0.75±0.02^c	2.26±0.13 ^a	1.28±0.01 ^b
X₂₁类黄酮含量Flavonoids (mg/g)	1.72±0.02 ^c	8.04±0.26 ^a	3.75±0.07 ^b
X₂₂黄烷醇含量Flavanols (mg/g)	2.62±0.08 ^c	5.45±0.10 ^a	3.19±0.05 ^b
X₂₃单宁含量Tannins content (mg/kg)	86.36±1.29^c	130.36±2.21^a	108.79±2.21 ^b
X₂₄DPPH(μg/g)	283.97±0.33 ^a	269.30±2.33 ^c	277.30±4.21^b
X₂₅FRAP(mg/g)	7.99±0.03 ^c	20.57±1.17 ^a	11.31±0.22 ^b
X₂₆ABTS(mg/g)	2.97±0.16 ^b	5.40±0.11 ^a	3.17±0.21 ^b

测定指标 Measurement indexes	对照CK Compare	园艺地布BGM Horticultural ground cloth	生草栽培GM Sod-culture
X₁₉花色苷含量Anthocyanins (mg/kg)	740.57±9.86^a	777.37±126.34 ^a	664.32±18.59 ^a
X₂₀总酚含量Total phenol content (mg/g)	0.75±0.02^c	2.26±0.13 ^a	1.28±0.01 ^b
X₂₁类黄酮含量Flavonoids (mg/g)	1.72±0.02 ^c	8.04±0.26 ^a	3.75±0.07 ^b
X₂₂黄烷醇含量Flavanols (mg/g)	2.62±0.08 ^c	5.45±0.10 ^a	3.19±0.05 ^b
X₂₃单宁含量Tannins content (mg/kg)	86.36±1.29^c	130.36±2.21^a	108.79±2.21 ^b
X₂₄DPPH(μg/g)	283.97±0.33 ^a	269.30±2.33 ^c	277.30±4.21^b
X₂₅FRAP(mg/g)	7.99±0.03 ^c	20.57±1.17 ^a	11.31±0.22 ^b
X₂₆ABTS(mg/g)	2.97±0.16 ^b	5.40±0.11 ^a	3.17±0.21 ^b

地面覆盖方式 Ground mulch types	主成分得分 Principal component score			综合得分 Compreh ensive score
地面覆盖方式 Ground mulch types	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	综合得分 Compreh ensive score
对照CK	-1.224	-4.007	-1.102	-2.131
园艺地布BGM Horticultural ground cloth	4.464	4.055	0.047	2.472
生草栽培GM Sod-culture	-3.329	2.952	0.056	-0.341
贡献率 Contribution rate(%)	0.461	0.380	0.077

不同地面覆盖方式对酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰果实品质的影响及综合评价

Effects of different ground mulch types on the berry quality of Marselan wine grape and comprehensive evaluation

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