PEG胁迫下评价哈萨克斯坦不同春小麦种质苗期的抗旱性

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.007

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 1352-1360.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.007

• 作物遗传育种•种质资源•分子遗传学•耕作栽培•生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

PEG胁迫下评价哈萨克斯坦不同春小麦种质苗期的抗旱性

王一钊¹(), 杨其志¹, 刘玉秀¹(), 阿拉依·努尔卡马力¹, Vladimir Shvidchenko², 张正茂¹

1.西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌 712100
2.哈萨克斯坦赛福林农业技术大学,阿斯塔纳 010000

收稿日期:2023-11-01 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-08-08
通信作者: 刘玉秀(1986-),女,四川隆昌人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为小麦优异种质资源研究与品种改良,(E-mail)yxliu@nwsuaf.edu.cn
作者简介:王一钊(1998-),男,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物遗传与种质创新,(E-mail)yzwang2022@163.com
基金资助:
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024GH-ZDXM-07);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020KWZ-011);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020GHJD-17)

Evaluation of drought resistance of different Kazakhstan spring wheat at seeding stage under PEG-6000 stress

WANG Yizhao¹(), YANG Qizhi¹, LIU Yuxiu¹(), Alayi Nurkamali¹, Vladimir Shvidchenko², ZHANG Zhengmao¹

1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China
2. S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-technical University, Astana 010000,Kazakhstan

Received:2023-11-01 Published:2024-06-20 Online:2024-08-08
Correspondence author: LIU Yuxiu(1986-),female, Ph.D., research direction:creation of excellent wheat germplasm resources and improvement of wheat varieties,(E-mail)yxliu@nwsuaf.edu.cn
Supported by:
Key R& D Project in Shaanxi Province(2024GH-ZDXM-07);Key R& D Project in Shaanxi Province(2020KWZ-011);Innovation Capability Support Project of Shaanxi Province(2020GHJD-17)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究哈萨克斯坦不同春小麦种质的萌发和生理特性,为选育适宜我国西北旱区春小麦品种提供亲本材料。【方法】采用20%聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol 6000, PEG-6000)高渗溶液模拟干旱胁迫条件,比较分析哈萨克斯坦引进的28份小麦种质苗期的根长、苗长、根鲜/干重、苗鲜/干重、发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数的变化,利用隶属函数、主成分分析综合评价哈萨克斯坦不同春小麦种质苗期抗旱性。【结果】与对照相比,干旱胁迫显著降低种质苗期的根长、苗长、根鲜重、苗鲜/干重、发芽势和发芽率(P < 0.05),降低幅度为18.29%~52.17%;显著增加根干重(P < 0.05),平均增加了66.67%。各性状间存在不同程度的相关性,大多数性状抗旱系数间存在显著或极显著相关。小麦9个苗期抗旱相关指标可转换为4个(苗鲜/干重、苗长和发芽率)独立的综合指标,可作为哈萨克斯坦春小麦苗期耐旱性评价的主效指标。28份供试材料的加权抗旱指数进行聚类分析,5份为抗旱性强种质,17份为抗旱性种质,6份为抗旱性弱种质。【结论】25份供试哈萨克斯坦春小麦种质中有5份种质,苗期具有较强的萌发特性和抗旱能力,适宜在我国西北旱区春小麦育种中提供抗旱亲本材料。

关键词: 春小麦; 引种; 种质; 苗期; 抗旱性; 隶属函数

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the germination characteristics and physiological characteristics of spring wheat seeds in Kazakhstan in the hope of providing reliable parent materials for breeding spring wheat varieties in the northwest arid region in China. 【Methods】 10% polyethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol 6000, PEG-6000) hypertonic solution was used to simulate drought stress conditions, the root length, seedling length, fresh root/dry weight, seeding fresh/dry weight, germination rate, germination potential and germination index of 28 test materials at seedling stage were compared and analyzed. In addition, the comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance during germination was carried out by membership function, principal component analysis. 【Results】 The results showed that compared with the control, the root length, seedling length, fresh root weight, fresh/dry weight, germination vigor and germination rate of Kazakhstan spring wheat germplasm under drought stress treatment were decreased significantly (P < 0.05), ranging from 18.29% to 52.17%, while root dry weight were significantly increased (P < 0.05), with an average increase of 66.67%, respectively. There were different degrees of correlation between the indicators, and most of the indicators had significant or extremely significant correlations between the drought resistance coefficients. The 9 drought resistance-related indicators of wheat seedling stage could be converted into 4 independent comprehensive indicators (fresh seedling/dry weight, seedling length and germination rate), which might be used as main indicator for drought tolerance evaluation of Kazakhstan spring wheat germplasm at seedling stage. Cluster analysis was performed on the weighted drought resistance index of 28 tested materials. 5 germplasms were classified as strong drought-resistant varieties, 17 were medium drought-resistant varieties, and 6 were weak drought-resistant varieties. 【Conclusion】 Due to strong germination characteristics and drought resistance at the seedling stage, 5 germplasms were suitable for providing drought-resistant parent materials in spring wheat breeding in the northwest arid region in China.

Key words: spring wheat; introduction; germplasm; seeding stage; drought resistance; membership function

中图分类号:

S512

王一钊, 杨其志, 刘玉秀, 阿拉依·努尔卡马力, Vladimir Shvidchenko, 张正茂. PEG胁迫下评价哈萨克斯坦不同春小麦种质苗期的抗旱性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1352-1360.

WANG Yizhao, YANG Qizhi, LIU Yuxiu, Alayi Nurkamali, Vladimir Shvidchenko, ZHANG Zhengmao. Evaluation of drought resistance of different Kazakhstan spring wheat at seeding stage under PEG-6000 stress[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(6): 1352-1360.

图/表 6

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性状 Parameters	处理 Treatments	范围 Range	均值±标准差 Average ±SE	变异系数CV (%)	增减 Increase or decrease (%)
发芽率Germination rate	CK	24.00~90.67	71.45±16.50^a	23.09
	20% PEG	10.67~87.33	55.52±19.99^b	36.01	-22.30
发芽势Germination potential	CK	40.67~94.00	76.81±14.53^a	18.92
	20% PEG	12.67~90.00	61.17±20.67^b	33.79	-20.36
根鲜重Root fresh weight	CK	0.07~0.32	0.19±0.07^a	35.25
	20% PEG	0.02~0.19	0.13±0.04^b	30.48	-31.58
根干重Root dry weight	CK	0.02~0.05	0.03±0.01^a	31.62
	20% PEG	0.03~0.07	0.05±0.01^b	31.51	66.67
苗鲜重Shoot fresh weight	CK	0.30 ~ 0.62	0.46±0.09^a	19.18
	20% PEG	0.13~0.32	0.22±0.07^b	33.50	-52.17
苗干重Shoot dry weight	CK	0.03~0.08	0.06±0.01^a	24.58
	20% PEG	0.03~0.06	0.04±0.01^b	22.19	-33.33
根长Root length	CK	7.18 ~ 20.77	14.41±6.35^a	24.85
	20% PEG	5.08~14.43	9.85±2.80^b	28.46	-31.64
苗长Seedling length	CK	3.58 ~ 18.95	11.59±3.58^a	30.89
	20% PEG	6.27 ~ 12.88	9.47±2.23^b	23.60	-18.29

性状 Parameters	处理 Treatments	范围 Range	均值±标准差 Average ±SE	变异系数CV (%)	增减 Increase or decrease (%)
发芽率Germination rate	CK	24.00~90.67	71.45±16.50^a	23.09
	20% PEG	10.67~87.33	55.52±19.99^b	36.01	-22.30
发芽势Germination potential	CK	40.67~94.00	76.81±14.53^a	18.92
	20% PEG	12.67~90.00	61.17±20.67^b	33.79	-20.36
根鲜重Root fresh weight	CK	0.07~0.32	0.19±0.07^a	35.25
	20% PEG	0.02~0.19	0.13±0.04^b	30.48	-31.58
根干重Root dry weight	CK	0.02~0.05	0.03±0.01^a	31.62
	20% PEG	0.03~0.07	0.05±0.01^b	31.51	66.67
苗鲜重Shoot fresh weight	CK	0.30 ~ 0.62	0.46±0.09^a	19.18
	20% PEG	0.13~0.32	0.22±0.07^b	33.50	-52.17
苗干重Shoot dry weight	CK	0.03~0.08	0.06±0.01^a	24.58
	20% PEG	0.03~0.06	0.04±0.01^b	22.19	-33.33
根长Root length	CK	7.18 ~ 20.77	14.41±6.35^a	24.85
	20% PEG	5.08~14.43	9.85±2.80^b	28.46	-31.64
苗长Seedling length	CK	3.58 ~ 18.95	11.59±3.58^a	30.89
	20% PEG	6.27 ~ 12.88	9.47±2.23^b	23.60	-18.29

因子 Factors	特征值 Eigenvalue	贡献率 Contribution (%)	累积贡献 Cumulative contribution (%)
1	3.30	41.25	41.25
2	1.65	20.57	61.82
3	1.51	13.88	75.70
4	1.10	10.73	86.43

因子 Factors	特征值 Eigenvalue	贡献率 Contribution (%)	累积贡献 Cumulative contribution (%)
1	3.30	41.25	41.25
2	1.65	20.57	61.82
3	1.51	13.88	75.70
4	1.10	10.73	86.43

主因子 Principal factor	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽率 Germination rate	根鲜重 Root fresh weight	根干重 Root dry weight	苗鲜重 Shoot fresh weight	苗干重 Shoot dry weight	根长 Root length	苗长 Seedling length
1	0.68	0.74	0.73	0.72	0.88	0.64	0.31	0.22
2	-0.12	-0.31	-0.13	-0.05	0.39	0.57	-0.71	0.41
3	-0.23	0.27	-0.11	-0.36	-0.20	0.20	0.51	0.71
4	0.511	0.517	-0.02	0.064	-0.083	-0.01	-0.087	-0.078

PEG胁迫下评价哈萨克斯坦不同春小麦种质苗期的抗旱性

Evaluation of drought resistance of different Kazakhstan spring wheat at seeding stage under PEG-6000 stress

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Metrics

种质名称 Varieties	苗鲜重Shoot fresh weight		苗干重Shoot dry weight		苗长Seedling length		发芽率Germination rate		D	排名 Rank	等级 Class
种质名称 Varieties	Dc	Di	Dc	Di	Dc	Di	Dc	Di	D	排名 Rank	等级 Class
19XS001	0.61	0.73	0.87	0.79	0.74	0.70	0.81	1.07	0.81	1	A
19XS003	0.88	1.23	0.99	0.86	0.95	1.23	0.80	1.01	0.75	2	A
19XS009	0.60	0.67	0.72	0.65	1.23	1.52	0.62	0.66	0.74	3	A
19XS004	0.64	0.96	0.89	0.97	0.76	0.89	0.98	1.56	0.69	4	A
19XS005-1	0.6	0.79	0.81	0.88	0.72	0.88	0.49	0.43	0.64	5	A
19XS0016	0.62	0.89	0.82	1.07	1.18	1.60	0.53	0.60	0.61	6	B
19XS0022	0.79	0.86	0.96	0.95	2.18	1.79	0.43	0.33	0.61	7	B
普冰151	0.45	0.31	1.76	2.33	0.95	0.84	0.29	0.11	0.57	8	B
19XS011	0.56	0.58	0.79	0.82	0.81	0.80	0.91	1.48	0.56	9	B
19XS0014	0.48	0.52	0.71	0.76	1.12	1.13	0.71	0.85	0.56	10	B
19XS0019	0.52	0.62	0.63	0.65	1.04	1.14	0.77	1.06	0.55	11	B
19XS005	0.42	0.34	0.84	0.89	0.69	0.73	0.60	0.53	0.53	12	B
19XS006	0.38	0.31	0.72	0.6	0.44	0.32	0.99	1.33	0.53	13	B
19XS0017	0.43	0.31	0.78	0.52	1.33	1.34	0.29	0.18	0.51	14	B
19XS0024	0.38	0.36	0.57	0.65	0.96	1.17	0.89	1.00	0.51	15	B
19XS010	0.45	0.42	0.6	0.46	0.62	0.41	0.48	0.43	0.50	16	B
19XS007	0.35	0.32	0.54	0.48	0.47	0.44	0.53	0.43	0.49	17	B
19XS0028	0.41	0.39	0.76	0.85	0.78	0.63	0.74	0.79	0.48	18	B
19XS0018	0.49	0.44	0.67	0.57	0.82	0.73	0.67	0.72	0.48	19	B
19XS0026	0.54	0.65	0.88	1.12	0.85	0.77	0.76	0.74	0.46	20	B
19XS0015	0.44	0.45	0.8	1.11	1.01	0.96	0.59	0.65	0.42	21	B
19XS0013	0.46	0.43	0.6	0.49	0.77	0.76	0.86	1.07	0.35	22	B
19XS0025	0.42	0.44	0.64	0.77	0.76	0.73	0.47	0.31	0.25	23	C
普冰322	0.35	0.28	0.62	0.66	1.42	1.94	0.24	0.10	0.24	24	C
19XS008	0.27	0.17	0.64	0.56	0.52	0.46	0.49	0.38	0.23	25	C
19XS0021	0.34	0.32	0.61	0.63	0.62	0.57	0.57	0.53	0.20	26	C
洛旱7号	0.27	0.16	0.55	0.42	0.73	0.69	0.58	0.42	0.11	27	C
19XS0020	0.33	0.26	0.57	0.39	0.56	0.43	0.56	0.30	0.10	28	C
范围Range	0.27~0.88	0.16~1.23	0.54~1.76	0.39~2.33	0.44~2.18	0.32~1.94	0.24 ~0.99	0.11~1.48	0.10~0.81	/	/
平均±标准差 Average±SE	0.48±0.14	0.51±0.25	0.76±0.23	0.78±0.36	0.89±0.35	0.91±0.42	0.63 ±0.20	0.69±0.40	0.48±0.19	/	/
变异系数CV	29.41	50.18	30.05	46.16	38.98	45.46	35.23	38.96	56.48	/	/

等级 Classes	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽率 Germination rate	根鲜重 Root fresh weight	苗鲜重 Shoot fresh weight	根干重 Root dry weight
A	98.17±4.02^a	92.19±10.22^a	0.17±0.03^a	0.28±0.03^a	0.04±0.01^a
B	95.89±15.08^a	79.83±7.94^b	0.13±0.04^b	0.21±0.04^b	0.05±0.01^a
C	78.56±28.77^a	54.70±6.08^c	0.12±0.04^b	0.17±0.04^b	0.05±0.01^a
等级Classes	苗干重 Shoot dry weight	根长 Root length	苗长 Seedling length	/	/
A	0.04±0.00^a	9.83±1.16^a	11.09±1.27^a	/	/
B	0.04±0.01^a	10.22±2.30^a	9.07±1.62^b	/	/
C	0.03±0.01^a	8.33±2.10^a	8.41±1.25^b	/	/

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