新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 1378-1385.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.010

• 作物遗传育种•种质资源•分子遗传学•耕作栽培•生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

钾肥用量对滴灌谷子生长发育及产量的影响

赵云1(), 冯国郡1(), 古丽扎提·巴孜尔别克2, 胡相伟1, 苏比努尔·卡德尔2, 李鹏兵3, 邵疆4, 刘杰4   

  1. 1.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830002
    2.新疆农业大学科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830002
    3.新疆农业科学院综合试验场,乌鲁木齐 830000
    4.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-29 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-08-08
  • 通信作者: 冯国郡(1970-),女,新疆奇台人,研究员,博士生,研究方向为杂粮育种及栽培,(E-mail)fengguojxj@126.com
  • 作者简介:赵云(1992-),男,新疆奇台人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为谷子育种及栽培,(E-mail)1041912942@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家谷子高粱产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-06-14.5-B30);国家自然科学基金地区项目(3206150401);新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目(2021KZ008);中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZYYD2022B03)

Effects of potassium fertilizer dosage on growth and yield of drip irrigated millet in northern Xinjiang

ZHAO Yun1(), FENG Guojun1(), Gulizhati Bazierbieke2, HU Xiangwei1, Subinuer Kadeer2, LI Pengbing3, SHAO Jiang4, LIU Jie4   

  1. 1. Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
    2. College of Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830002, China
    3. Anningqu Comprehensive Test Farm, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 830000
    4. College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830002, China
  • Received:2023-10-29 Published:2024-06-20 Online:2024-08-08
  • Correspondence author: FENG Guojun (1970-), female, from Qitai, Xinjiang, doctoral student, researcher, research direction: breeding and cultivation of miscellaneous grains, (E-mail) fengguojxj@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Urumqi Comprehensive Test Station of National Millet Sorghum Industrial Technology System(CARS-06-14.5-B30);National Natural Science Foundation of China (206150401);Rural Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Action Project of Special Commissioner of Science and Technology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021KZ008);Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Project(ZYYD2022B03)

摘要:

【目的】分析新疆北疆谷子适宜钾肥用量及对其生长发育的影响,为新疆北疆生态区春播谷子高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以豫谷18号为试材,设5种钾肥用量(0、75、150、225、300 kg/hm2)的大田试验。测定谷子干物质含量积累、叶绿素含量、节间充实度、农艺性状及产量等指标。【结果】随着施钾量的增加,各农艺指标呈现单峰曲线变化,K225处理为峰值,株高、穗长、穗粗、茎基粗、叶长及叶宽相比K0处理显著增加8.1%、26.1%、20.9%、22.6%、12.9%及9.4%。与对照(0 kg/hm2)相比,施钾处理使豫谷18号显著增产1.2%~6.4%,钾肥用量 225 kg/hm2处理产量最高,为7 891.1 kg/hm2。与对照(0 kg/hm2)相比,花后各时期的叶绿素含量显著增加,呈先增加后下降的趋势,在K225处理下达到峰值。干物质含量积累随生育期的延长呈“J”型曲线变化,干物质含量积累速率呈单峰曲线变化,最大积累速率在抽穗期-齐穗期达到顶峰。【结论】适量钾肥施入,对新疆北疆地区谷子生长发育影响显著,K225处理为新疆谷子钾肥最佳施用量。

关键词: 谷子; 钾肥运筹; 生长发育; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to clarify the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer and its influence on the growth and development of millet in North Xinjiang, and to provide theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation of spring sowing millet in North Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Five kinds of potassium fertilizer (0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg/hm2) were used in field tests with Yugu 18 as test material.Dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll content, internode fullness, agronomic characters and yield of millet were determined. 【Results】 With the increase of potassium application, agronomic indexes showed unimodal curve change, and the highest value was found in K225 treatment.Compared with K0 treatment, plant height, ear length, ear diameter, stem base diameter, leaf length and leaf width were significantly increased by 8.1%, 26.1%, 20.9%, 22.6%, 12.9% and 9.4%.Compared with the control (0 kg/hm2), Yugu 18 was significantly increased by 1.2%-6.4% under potassium application, and the highest yield was 7,891.1 kg /hm2 under 225 kg/hm2 potassium application.(2) Compared with the control (0 kg/hm2), chlorophyll content increased significantly in each period after anther, showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and reached the peak value under K225 treatment.The dry matter accumulation showed a "J" shaped curve with the extension of growth period, and the dry matter accumulation rate showed a single-peak curve, and the maximum accumulation rate reached its peak from heading stage to full head stage.Moreover, the basal internode fullness increased obviously with the increase of potassium fertilizer. 【Conclusion】 the application of appropriate potash fertilizer has a significant effect on the growth and development of millet in northern Xinjiang, and K225 treatment is the best application amount of potash fertilizer in Xinjiang.

Key words: millet; potash fertilizer operation and research; growth and development; yield

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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