Abstract: [Objective] By measuring effective state content of the trace elements Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn and B in orchard soils in Wensu County of Xinjiang,this project aims to make clear the trace elements distribution in this area and explore the correlation of effective state of soil trace element content,soil organic matter content and pH,and perfomr effectiveness evaluation of the soil.[Method]In 2015 year,through the sample investigation of forest fruit in about 0.8 million mu area in Wensu County,140 samples from 1,300 sample points were chosen according to the fruit distribution,tree-age and soil characteristics to determine the effective content of trace elements Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn and B,and also,the effectiveness evaluation of trace elements in this area was carried out.[Result]The results showed that:the average contents of effective Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn and B were 1.5,12.0,2.2,4.9 and 0.9 mg/kg in the orchard soil trace element of Wensu County.The content of effective Cu,Fe and Zn were rich,effective B was moderate,effective Mn was extremely scarce.Among them,the soil trace element Cu,Fe,Mn and B belonged to medium variation,trace element Zn belonged to strong variations.Orchard soil effective content of Cu,Fe and Mn were very significantly positively correlated with organic matter content(P =0.000 < 0.01)in Wensu County.The content of effective Cu and pH value were of extremely significant positive correlation(P=0.003 < 0.01).According to the evaluation index of soil effective trace element in the orchard soil of Wensu County,element contents Cu,Fe and B content were extremely rich,Zn and Mn contents were relatively poor.The single factor effectiveness index of available trace element showed that the orchard soil effective state contents Cu,Zn and B were higher than the critical value,Fe and Mn were significantly lower than the critical value,the average sequence was: Cu > Zn > B > Fe > Mn in Wensu County.The effective state trace element comprehensive index of the top five sample areas were as follows: Rice Farm(7.36)> Qiagelake Township(5.89)> Arele Town(5.78)> Gugedai Pasture(5.65)> Tumuxiuke Town(5.13).The average of comprehensive index was 4.04.[Conclusion]To sum up,orchard soil trace elements Cu,Fe and B content are plentiful,Zn and Mn are relatively scarce,so,it is recommended that when applying fertilizer containing Zn and Mn should consider the local condition in the soil in this area.

摘要： [目的]测定新疆南部温宿县果园土壤微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和B的有效态含量,明确该区域微量元素分布状况,研究土壤有效态微量元素含量与土壤有机质含量、pH之间的相关性,并进行土壤有效性评价.[方法]2015年通过对温宿县5.33×104 hm2(80万亩)林果进行取样调查,根据林果分布、树龄及土壤特征在1 300个样点中选取代表性140个样点,测定微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和B的有效含量,并对该区的土壤微量元素的有效性进行评价.[结果]温宿县果园土壤微量元素中,有效Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和B的平均含量分别为1.5、12.0、2.2、4.9和0.9 mg/kg.有效Cu、Fe和Zn的含量丰富,有效B含量适中,有效Mn含量为极为缺乏.其中,土壤微量元素Cu、Fe、Mn和B属于中等变异,微量元素Zn属于强性变异.温宿县果园土壤有效Cu、Fe和Mn含量与有机质含量呈极显著正相关关系(P=0.000<0.01),有效Cu含量与pH值呈极显著正相关关系(P=0.003<0.01).根据土壤有效态微量元素评价指标,温宿县果园土壤中Cu、Fe和B含量极其丰富,Zn元素总体含量缺乏,Mn元素含量较为缺乏.有效态微量元素单因子有效性指数表明,温宿县果园土壤Cu、Zn和B的有效态含量高于临界值,土壤Fe和Mn的有效态含量均明显低于临界值,平均值排序依次为Cu>Zn>B>Fe>Mn.有效态微量元素综合性指数前五位的样区为:水稻农场(7.36)>恰格拉克乡(5.89)>阿热勒镇(5.78)>吉格代牧场(5.65)>吐木秀克镇(5.13),综合性指数平均值为4.04.[结论]新疆南部温宿县果园土壤微量元素Cu、Fe和B的含量丰富,Zn、Mn元素含量较为缺乏,因地制宜的使用含Zn、Mn的肥料进行施肥.