Abstract: [Objective] To analyze the existing problems in peanut production in China,and suggest countermeasures for future development of peanut industry in Xinjiang.[Method]Relevant research materials of peanut production in China and Xinjiang in recent years were collected and the recent status and characteristics of peanut production in Xinjiang were reviewed and summarized.[Result]China is a big peanut producing country in the world.Peanut planting area ranks the second in the world and the total production ranks the first in the world.Peanut in China has a variety of types,wide distribution,cultivation system diversification,etc.Oil crops in Xinjiang include rapeseed,sunflower,sesame,safflower,peanut,sesame,etc,and peanut planting area is relatively small.Currently,scientific research on peanut has been done little in Xinjiang,which mainly focused on the introduction,screening of varieties resources and high-yield cultivation techniques and has not yet formed a sound scientific research and promotion system.At present,the main problems in Xinjiang peanut production mainly include mixed varieties,low overall mechanization level,uneven regional development and deep processing is backward.Relevant departments were recommended to increase attention to peanut industry development in Xinjiang,strengthen study on peanut varieties and cultivation techniques,improve the research and development level of mechanization technology,widen the publicity and promotion of excellent variety and technology and encourage the development of peanut deep processing industry.[Conclusion]Xinjiang is beneficial to the cultivation of peanut in the aspects of climate,soil and trade environment.With the adjustment of national planting structure,planting peanut in Xinjiang has a good development prospect,which not only can improve the self-sufficiency rate of domestic edible oil and economic benefit of farmers but also can make full use of land resources in Xinjiang and improve the ecological environment and create good ecological benefits.

摘要： [目的]回顾我国花生生产特点、分布以及品种引种与栽培现状等;总结近年来新疆花生生产中存在问题,提出相应对策,为新疆花生产业发展提供科学依据.[方法]国内外相关文献的收集、汇总,运用统计学方法对文献资料进行整理和对比分析.[结果]根据文献记载和资料统计,中国花生种植历史悠久,是世界花生生产和消费大国,总面积居世界第二,总产量居世界第一.我国油料作物中花生面积位居第二,但产量居全国首位,2015年花生种植面积462×104 hm2,总产1 680.5×104 t,占世界花生总产量的40;以上,花生生产分布主要集中在河南、山东、河北、辽宁等14个省份(种植面积占全国花生总面积的93.5;),产量约占全国花生总产量的96;;新疆花生研究相比内地起步较晚,目前种植品种除新疆老地方品种外,多数主栽品种从河南、山东等引进,近几年新疆从不同渠道引进的花生品种约数百个,从中筛选出了适合新疆种植相对优良品种(含机械模式的新品种).经过多年试验,总结出了新疆花生种植的高产栽培技术,包括林果间套种花生技术等.[结论]新疆在气候土质等方面均有利于花生种植,花生产业具有良好的发展前景,但存在花生生产中品种混杂,机械化程度低和深加工落后等问题,建议加大对花生品种选育和栽培技术的研究,加强良种推广,提升机械化水平,促进花生深加工产业的发展.