Abstract: [Objective] This study aims to understand the genetic rules of main selection index of three lines hybrids of Xinjiang cotton with genetic effect analysis to screen high heterosis hybrid combination.[Method] Forty-two crosses were made between 7 sterile lines and 6 restorer lines by using 7 × 6NC Ⅱ cross design.The yield,lint percentage and fiber quality of F1 generation were used to carry out statistical analysis of genetic variance and combining ability.[Result] Yield was affected by both dominant and additive effects,and may be affected by overdominance effects.Lint percentage,length,micronaire and strength were predominantly affected by additive effect and party by partial dominance effect.In the sterile lines,3-248A showed the highest general combining ability,2-20A and 6-89A showed higher general combining ability,but other restorer lines showed low or negative general combing ability.In the restorer lines,12-278R showed the highest general combining ability,8-420R and 9-186R showed higher general combining ability,but other restorer lines showed low or negative general combing ability.In cross combinations,2 × 9 showed the highest specific combining ability,6 × 12,4 × 9,3 × 8 and 6 × 8 showed higher specific combining ability,exhibiting 23.33;,16.67;,15;,10.83; and 5; higher yield than that of the control,respectively,but other combinations showed low or negative specific combining ability.[Conclusion] Filter out the high advantages of hybrid 2 × 9,exhibiting 23.33; higher yield than that of control respectively,lint percentage and fiber quality of F1 generation made between 7 sterile lines and 6 restorer lines with 7 ×6NC Ⅱ cross design.

摘要： [目的]分析北疆棉花三系主要选育指标的遗传效应,研究三系杂交棉主要选育指标的遗传规律,筛选出高优势的杂交组合.[方法]自育的棉花7个不育系和6个恢复系采用7×6NCⅡ遗传交配设计,配制42个杂交组合,对F1代产量、衣分和纤维品质进行遗传方差和配合力的统计分析.[结果](1)棉花产量同时受显性效应和加性效应的影响,并且可能存在超显性;衣分、上半部平均长度、马克隆值、断裂比强度主要受加性效应的影响,部分显性.(2)不育系一般配合力最高的为3-248A,较高的为2-20A、6-89A,其余的一般配合力较低或负值;恢复系一般配合力最高的为12-278R,较高的为8-420R、9-186R,其余的一般配合力较低或负值.(3)特殊配合力最高的为2×9,较高的为6×12、4×9、3×8、6×8,分别比对照增产23.33;、16.67;、15;、10.83;、5;,其余的一般配合力较低或负值.[结论]自育的棉花7个不育系和6个恢复系采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,对F1代的产量、衣分和纤维品质进行遗传效应分析,筛选出高优势的杂交组合2×9,比对照增产23.33;.