Effects of the Photosynthetic and Fruit Quality of Cabernet Sauvignon on Different Rootstocks

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.05.006

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effect of different rootstocks on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of cabernet sauvignon.【Methods】 Cabernet Sauvignon without grafting was taken as control to measure the photosynthetic active radiation, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intracellular CO₂ concentration, stomatal conductivity, and during the fruit ripening stage, to measure fruit single weight, fruit volume, fruit coloring, fruit soluble solids content, pH value, acid, anthocyanin, tannin, polyphenols in pericarp, etc. of the four rootstock combinations of Cabernet Sauvignon / SO4, Cabernet Sauvignon / 5BB, Cabernet Sauvignon / 3309M and Cabernet Sauvignon / 101-14 by CI-340 Handheld photosynthesis system photosynthetic apparatus. 【Results】 The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductivity showed a typical bimodal curve with the change of air temperature. The big one of net photosynthetic rate was in the morning, the small one is was the afternoon, and the value was the smallest at 14:00. There was an obvious phenomenon of "lunch break". The peak value of stomatal conductivity in the morning was higher than that in the afternoon, and it was higher than that in the CK; The peak of transpiration rate was in the afternoon; The photosynthetic active radiation showed a single peak curve, and the diurnal variation of intracellular CO₂ concentration was not obvious. The diurnal variation of intracellular CO₂ concentration of Cabernet Sauvignon / SO4 and Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14 showed a pattern of “rise-fall-rise”, and the intracellular CO₂ concentration of Cabernet Sauvignon / 3309 M and Cabernet Sauvignon / 5BB showed bimodal curve. The average single grain weight and fruit volume were slightly higher than those of CK. The skin color of Cabbage Sauvignon/SO4 was greener than CK,but this had little influence on average seed weight. 3309 M and 101-14 stocks increased the soluble solids of fruit, while SO4 and 5BB stocks decreased the content of soluble solids. The organic acid content of the four combinations was higher than that of CK but Ph value, solid acid ratio were lower; The anthocyanin and polyphenols content of Cabernet Sauvignon / 101-14 was higher than that of CK, while other combinations had different degrees of influence (except Cabernet Sauvignon / SO4), but there was no difference. Cabernet Sauvignon / SO4 significantly decreased anthocyanin content in pericarp. 【Conclusion】 From the point of view of photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality, 5BB, 101 / 14, 3309M is a suitable stock variety for grafting Cabernet Sauvignon grapes in Turpan.

Key words: Cabernet Sauvignon; stock; photosynthetic characteristics; fruit quality

摘要： 【目的】研究不同砧木对赤霞珠葡萄光合特性及果实品质的影响。【方法】以未嫁接的赤霞珠为对照,用CI-340 Handheld photosynthesis system光合测定仪,测定赤霞珠/SO4、赤霞珠/5BB、赤霞珠/3309M、赤霞珠/101-14 4个砧穗组合的光合有效辐射、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO₂浓度、气孔导度,果实成熟时测定果实单粒重、果实体积、果实着色、果实可溶性固形物含量、pH值、酸、果皮的花色苷、单宁、多酚等品质。【结果】随气温的变化,净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度日变化呈典型的双峰曲线,净光合速率大峰在上午,小峰在下午,14:00值最小,有明显“午休”现象,上午气孔导度峰值高于下午,且均高于CK;蒸腾速率的大峰在下午;光合有效辐射呈单峰曲线,胞间CO₂浓度日变化规律不明显,可分为两类,赤霞珠/SO4和赤霞珠/101-14胞间CO₂浓度日变化呈现升-降-升的变化规律,CK、赤霞珠/3309M、赤霞珠/5BB的胞间CO₂浓度呈双峰曲线。平均单粒重、果实体积略高于CK,赤霞珠/SO4组合的果皮颜色较CK绿,对平均种子重量影响不大。3309M和101-14砧木提高了果实的可溶性固形物,SO4和5BB砧木降低了可溶性固形物含量。4个组合的有机酸含量高于CK;pH值、固酸比低于CK。赤霞珠/101-14的花色苷和多酚含量高于CK,其它组合(除赤霞珠/SO4)的花色苷和多酚有不同程度的影响,但无差异性,赤霞珠/SO4显著降低了果皮的花色苷含量。【结论】5BB、101-14、3309M是新疆吐鲁番地区适合嫁接赤霞珠葡萄的砧木品种。

关键词: 赤霞珠葡萄, 砧木, 光合特性, 果实品质

CLC Number:

S663.1

HU Jinge, BAI Shijian, CHEN Guang, ZHAO Ronghua, CAI Junshe. Effects of the Photosynthetic and Fruit Quality of Cabernet Sauvignon on Different Rootstocks[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(5): 830-839.

户金鸽, 白世践, 陈光, 赵荣华, 蔡军社. 不同砧木对赤霞珠葡萄叶片光合特性及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(5): 830-839.

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