Abstract: 【Objective】 To screen out suitable working concentration of 4 antibiotics and drying condition for dry Auricularia fruiting bodies. 【Methods】 In this study, fresh and dry fruiting bodies of wild and cultivated were used as materials, the dry ear was soaked in 75% alcohol mixture solution of antibiotics for tissue separation. The germination ability of different parts of Auricularia auricula was studied by microscopic observation through comparing the contamination rate and germination rate of 4 antibiotics and the dry method of Auricularia auricular. 【Results】 The results showed that the suitable concentration and disinfection time of the four antibiotics were: 6 mg/mL and 3-5 min for penicillin; 15 mg/mL and 1-3 min for streptomycin; 15 mg/mL and 3-5 min for ceftriaxone sodium; 1.5 mg/mL and 1-3 min for gentamicin. The fruiting bodies after drying at 65℃ for 8 hours could be isolated successfully. Mycelium germination was observed in the fertile layer, hypophyll and sterile layer after drying for 8 h at 65℃. 【Conclusion】 All of the four antibiotics can be used to obtain dried Auricularia fruiting and temperature 65℃ can be used to isolate its tissue. After drying the fresh fruiting body without long time high temperature treatment, it can be separated successfully at room temperature for one year. Auricularia heimuer has the ability to germinate around the body.

Key words: Auricularia heimuer; Auricularia cornea; antibiotic; tissue isolation; drying temperature; germination surface

摘要： 【目的】 筛选出4种抗生素的使用方法及用于木耳的干制条件。【方法】 以野生及栽培木耳为供试材料,以干耳浸泡于抗生素75%酒精混合溶液消毒的方法进行组织分离。对比污染率、萌发率筛选4种抗生素的适宜使用方法和木耳干制方法,显微观察木耳不同部位的萌发能力。【结果】 4种抗生素的使用方法分别为:青霉素6 mg/mL消毒3~5 min;链霉素15 mg/mL消毒1~3 min;头孢曲松钠15 mg/mL浸泡3~5 min;庆大霉素1.5 mg/mL浸泡1~3 min,经65℃烘干8 h的处理后均可萌发,可育层、菌肉以及不育层均可观察到菌丝萌发。【结论】 4种抗生素均可用于干木耳菌种获得,65℃烘干木耳可用于组织分离,未经长时间高温处理的新鲜子实体干燥后,于室温下保存1年仍可分离成功,木耳具有周身萌发的能力。

关键词: 黑木耳, 毛木耳, 抗生素, 组织分离, 烘干温度, 萌发面