Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of soil sealing treatments with six herbicides on the germination rate, plant height, cotyledon length, cotyledon width, average radicle length and other biological indicators of Isatis indigotica during the seedling stage, and select the best one from the six in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for its field production. 【Methods】 In the seedling stage of I indigotica, the effects of 6 herbicides on the germination rate and average radicle length of Isatis indica at 24-192 h at different application concentrations were studied by indoor pot culture and petri dish culture. 【Results】 Germination rate: the concentration of refined metolachlor, oxyfluorfen, sec-butadiene, and flumioxazin were not significantly different, and did not affect the emergence of Isatis indigotica. The concentration of the agent higher than 80 mL/667m² Pendimethalin had an inhibitory effect on the germination rate of Isatis indigotica. The higher the concentration of Promethazine, the more obvious the inhibition of the germination; the average radicle length: metolachlor, sec-butaline, oxyfluorfen, Promethazine, and flumioxazin have no effect on the growth of radicles. As the concentration of pendimethalin increased, the inhibition of radicle growth was becoming stronger; plant height: high concentration of refined metolachlor at 30 mL/667m², had an inhibitory effect on the plant height. Pendimethalin 80-200 mL/667m² treatment had a significant inhibitory effect on the plant height. F-butaline had no effect on the plant height. Ether has an inhibitory effect on the plant height at the concentration of 40-70 mL/667m². Promatoxin had an inhibitory effect on the plant height at the concentration of 80-200 mL/667m². When the concentration of flumioxazin was 3-7 g/667m², the inhibitory effect on the plant height of was not obvious; Cotyledon length: the concentration of metolachlor, pendimethalin, f-butadiene, oxyfluorfen, and flumioxazin had no effect on the cotyledon length. As the application concentration of Promatogin increased, it inhibited the cotyledon length; Cotyledon width: the 5 kinds of amine herbicides: metolachlor, pendimethalin, sec-butadiene, oxyfluorfen had no effect on the cotyledon width. Promatogin at 120-200 mL/667m² concentration would inhibit the cotyledon width. 【Conclusion】 Through the experiment of indoor pot and petri dish culture, it can be concluded that only the treatments of f-butaline and flumioxazin have no significant effect on the plant height of Isatis indigotica seedlings; the treatments of pendimethalin and promethazine will affect the growth of isatis germination rate: Pendimethalin treatment will affect the root length growth of Isatis indigotica seedlings; Promethazine treatment will affect the growth of cotyledon length and width of Isatis indigotica. Therefore, under indoor conditions, fine metolachlor, sec-butadiene and flumioxazin have less stress on the growth of Isatis indigotica seedlings.

Key words: herbicide; seedling stage; germination rate; biological index; Isatis indigotica; weed control

摘要：

【目的】研究6种除草剂土壤封闭处理对板蓝根幼苗期发芽率、株高、子叶长、子叶宽、平均胚根长等生物学指标的影响,筛选出6种除草剂中最佳药剂及其最佳浓度,为板蓝根的田间生产提供理论依据。【方法】通过室内盆栽法以及培养皿培养的方法,在板蓝根幼苗期,研究6种除草剂在不同施药浓度,在24~192 h对板蓝根的发芽率、平均胚根长的影响,在7、15和30 d 3个时间点对板蓝根株高,子叶长、宽影响。【结果】发芽率:精异丙甲草胺、乙氧氟草醚、仲丁灵、丙炔氟草胺各浓度处理之间差异不显著,不影响板蓝根出苗,药剂浓度高于80 mL/667m²的二甲戊灵对板蓝根的发芽率存在抑制作用,扑草净的浓度越高对板蓝根的发芽抑制就越明显;平均胚根长:精异丙甲草胺、仲丁灵、乙氧氟草醚、扑草净、丙炔氟草胺对胚根的生长没有影响,二甲戊灵随着浓度的升高,对胚根的生长抑制就越强;株高:精异丙甲草胺浓度高于30 mL/667m²时对板蓝根的株高起到抑制作用,二甲戊灵80~200 mL/667m²浓度处理对板蓝根株高有有明显抑制效果,仲丁灵对板蓝根株高无影响,乙氧氟草醚在40~70 mL/667m²浓度时对板蓝根株高有抑制作用,扑草净在80~200 mL/667m²浓度时对板蓝根的株高存在抑制效果,丙炔氟草胺在3~7 g/667m²浓度时对板蓝根的株高抑制效果不明显;子叶长:精异丙甲草胺、二甲戊灵、仲丁灵、乙氧氟草醚、丙炔氟草胺各浓度处理下对板蓝根子叶长没有影响,随着扑草净的施用浓度升高会对板蓝根的子叶长有抑制作用;子叶宽:精异丙甲草胺、二甲戊灵、仲丁灵、乙氧氟草醚、丙炔氟草胺5种除草剂各浓度处理下对板蓝根子叶宽没有影响,扑草净120~200 mL/667m²浓度会抑制板蓝根子叶宽。【结论】只有仲丁灵和丙炔氟草胺处理后对板蓝根幼苗株高没有显著影响;二甲戊灵与扑草净处理会影响板蓝根的发芽率;二甲戊灵处理会影响板蓝根幼苗的根长生长;扑草净处理会影响板蓝根子叶长、子叶宽的生长。室内条件下精异丙甲草胺、仲丁灵、丙炔氟草胺对板蓝根幼苗的生长胁迫较小。

关键词: 除草剂, 幼苗期, 发芽率, 生物学指标, 板蓝根, 杂草防除