Abstract: [Objective] To study the effect of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on the number of bacteria and diversity in Angus beef cattle manure.[Method]The number of bacteria was calculated by plate counting method, V6-V8 DNA gene amplification of bacterial 16S rDNA was performed by PCR technique.The PCR products were subjected to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).The specific bands of fingerprint were obtained and sequenced, and bacterial strains were identified by BLAST.[Result](1) In early experiment, there were significant differences in total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus between group C and group T (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in Staphylococcus aureus between them (P> 0.05).In late experiment, there was no significant difference in total bacteria between group C and group T (P> 0.05), but Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus were significantly different (P< 0.05).(2) Bacteria found in cow dung were: Salmonella, Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, Shigella, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter and Enterococcus, and among them, Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli might be the dominant bacteria in cow manure.[Conclusion]Total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus have obvious change in the number of early and late experiment period.There are many kinds of bacteria in cow dung, which reflect the diversity of microbial flora in cow manure.

摘要： [目的]研究饲喂发酵棉粕对安格斯肉牛牛粪中细菌数量及多样性的影响.[方法]采用平板计数法计算细菌的数量;采用PCR技术对提出的DNA进行细菌16Sr DNA基因V6-V8区扩增,将PCR产物进行变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE).得到指纹图谱特异性条带切胶回收并进行克隆测序,通过BLAST鉴定细菌菌种.[结果](1)试验前期,C组和T组总细菌、大肠杆菌和乳酸菌差异显著(P<0.05);C组和T组金黄色葡萄球菌差异不显著(P>0.05).试验后期,C组和T组总细菌差异不显著(P>0.05);C和T组大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和乳酸菌差异显著(P<0.05).(2)牛粪中存在的菌种有沙门氏菌(Salmonella)、瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcus)、乳酸菌(Lactobacillus)、毛螺旋菌(Lachnospiraceae)、志贺菌(Shigella)、梭菌(Clostridium)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、肠杆菌(Enterobacter)和肠球菌(Enterococcus),而其中乳酸菌、大肠杆菌可能是牛粪中的优势菌群.[结论]试验前期和后期总细菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄菌的数量有明显变化,牛粪中存在多种细菌表现了牛粪中微生物菌群的多样性.