Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 835-844.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.04.006
• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles
ZHU Tao(), Lei Qingyuan, MA Liang()
Received:
2023-09-21
Online:
2024-04-20
Published:
2024-05-31
Correspondence author:
MA Liang
Supported by:
通讯作者:
马亮
作者简介:
朱韬(1999-),男,湖南益阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为干旱区节水灌溉,(E-mail)1275727565@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
ZHU Tao, Lei Qingyuan, MA Liang. Effects of water and nitrogen on growth, yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of resown Maize and verification of scheme optimization model[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(4): 835-844.
朱韬, 雷庆元, 马亮. 不同水氮用量对复播玉米生长发育、产量及利用效率的影响和选优模型验证[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(4): 835-844.
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土层深 Soil depth (cm) | 有机质 Organic matter (g/kg) | 速效氮 Available nitrogen (mg/kg) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg/kg) | 总盐 Total salt (mg/g) | pH值 pH value | 田间持水量 Field capacity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~20 | 8.97 | 36.64 | 13.98 | 115.62 | 0.505 | 8.57 | 22.90 |
20~40 | 6.28 | 29.61 | 6.62 | 105.74 | 0.505 | 8.62 | 20.78 |
40~60 | 4.71 | 21.45 | 5.72 | 101.81 | 0.545 | 8.69 | 24.99 |
Tab.1 Test soil properties and initial nutrients
土层深 Soil depth (cm) | 有机质 Organic matter (g/kg) | 速效氮 Available nitrogen (mg/kg) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg/kg) | 总盐 Total salt (mg/g) | pH值 pH value | 田间持水量 Field capacity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~20 | 8.97 | 36.64 | 13.98 | 115.62 | 0.505 | 8.57 | 22.90 |
20~40 | 6.28 | 29.61 | 6.62 | 105.74 | 0.505 | 8.62 | 20.78 |
40~60 | 4.71 | 21.45 | 5.72 | 101.81 | 0.545 | 8.69 | 24.99 |
处理 Teatments | 六叶期 Six leaf | 十二叶期 Twelve leaf | 吐丝期 Silking | 灌浆期 Grouting |
---|---|---|---|---|
W1F0 | 1.62 de | 2.51 de | 3.51 e | 4.43 f |
W1F1 | 1.77 cd | 2.58 cd | 3.83 cd | 4.91 d |
W1F2 | 1.59 e | 2.41 e | 3.28 f | 4.37 f |
W2F0 | 1.74 cde | 2.57 cd | 3.31 f | 4.44 f |
W2F1 | 1.80bc | 2.96 b | 3.74d | 5.17 c |
W2F2 | 1.94 ab | 3.00 b | 4.35 a | 5.31 b |
W3F0 | 1.80 bc | 2.68 c | 3.91 c | 4.66 e |
W3F1 | 1.87 abc | 3.05b | 4.10 b | 5.42 ab |
W3F2 | 2.01 a | 3.28a | 4.18 b | 5.48 a |
Tab.2 Changes of maize leaf area indexunder different irrigation and nitrogen rates
处理 Teatments | 六叶期 Six leaf | 十二叶期 Twelve leaf | 吐丝期 Silking | 灌浆期 Grouting |
---|---|---|---|---|
W1F0 | 1.62 de | 2.51 de | 3.51 e | 4.43 f |
W1F1 | 1.77 cd | 2.58 cd | 3.83 cd | 4.91 d |
W1F2 | 1.59 e | 2.41 e | 3.28 f | 4.37 f |
W2F0 | 1.74 cde | 2.57 cd | 3.31 f | 4.44 f |
W2F1 | 1.80bc | 2.96 b | 3.74d | 5.17 c |
W2F2 | 1.94 ab | 3.00 b | 4.35 a | 5.31 b |
W3F0 | 1.80 bc | 2.68 c | 3.91 c | 4.66 e |
W3F1 | 1.87 abc | 3.05b | 4.10 b | 5.42 ab |
W3F2 | 2.01 a | 3.28a | 4.18 b | 5.48 a |
处理 Teatments | 六叶期 Six leaf | 十二叶期 Twelve leaf | 吐丝期 Silking | 灌浆期 Grouting | 成熟期 Mature |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
W1F0 | 24.12ab | 86.28a | 100.84a | 151.42c | 171.49e |
W2F0 | 23.62ab | 74.82ab | 101.06a | 174.23bc | 194.32d |
W3F0 | 22.37ab | 77.17ab | 97.29a | 195.55ab | 220.31c |
W1F1 | 22.62ab | 73.33ab | 117.29a | 177.22abc | 183.75de |
W2F1 | 22.37ab | 72.17ab | 125.76a | 199.99ab | 242.4b |
W3F1 | 20.13b | 63.92b | 126.65a | 212.75a | 253.37b |
W1F2 | 23.83ab | 77.68ab | 103.44a | 150.37c | 168.37e |
W2F2 | 25.28a | 72.93ab | 112.36a | 196.77ab | 250.21b |
W3F2 | 22.6ab | 65.85b | 120.80a | 208.20ab | 276.13a |
Tab.3 Dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation in Maize under different combinations of irrigation and nitrogen application
处理 Teatments | 六叶期 Six leaf | 十二叶期 Twelve leaf | 吐丝期 Silking | 灌浆期 Grouting | 成熟期 Mature |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
W1F0 | 24.12ab | 86.28a | 100.84a | 151.42c | 171.49e |
W2F0 | 23.62ab | 74.82ab | 101.06a | 174.23bc | 194.32d |
W3F0 | 22.37ab | 77.17ab | 97.29a | 195.55ab | 220.31c |
W1F1 | 22.62ab | 73.33ab | 117.29a | 177.22abc | 183.75de |
W2F1 | 22.37ab | 72.17ab | 125.76a | 199.99ab | 242.4b |
W3F1 | 20.13b | 63.92b | 126.65a | 212.75a | 253.37b |
W1F2 | 23.83ab | 77.68ab | 103.44a | 150.37c | 168.37e |
W2F2 | 25.28a | 72.93ab | 112.36a | 196.77ab | 250.21b |
W3F2 | 22.6ab | 65.85b | 120.80a | 208.20ab | 276.13a |
处理 Treatments | 耗水量 Water consumption (mm) | 水分利 用效率 WUE (kg/m3) | 氮肥偏 生产力 PFPN (kg/kg) | 氮肥农 学效率 ANUE (kg/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|
W1F0 | 218.50e | 3.80a | / | / |
W2F0 | 262.38cd | 3.65b | / | / |
W3F0 | 320.15b | 3.24d | / | / |
W1F1 | 224.57e | 3.89a | 35.61b | 1.75e |
W2F1 | 279.19c | 3.89a | 44.28a | 5.24b |
W3F1 | 366.46a | 3.29d | 49.18a | 6.92a |
W1F2 | 249.64d | 3.60bc | 26.20c | 2.01f |
W2F2 | 317.55b | 3.50c | 32.34b | 4.45d |
W3F2 | 371.21a | 3.26d | 35.23b | 5.04c |
Tab.4 Changes of water and nitrogen use efficiency of Maize under different irrigation and nitrogen application combinations
处理 Treatments | 耗水量 Water consumption (mm) | 水分利 用效率 WUE (kg/m3) | 氮肥偏 生产力 PFPN (kg/kg) | 氮肥农 学效率 ANUE (kg/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|
W1F0 | 218.50e | 3.80a | / | / |
W2F0 | 262.38cd | 3.65b | / | / |
W3F0 | 320.15b | 3.24d | / | / |
W1F1 | 224.57e | 3.89a | 35.61b | 1.75e |
W2F1 | 279.19c | 3.89a | 44.28a | 5.24b |
W3F1 | 366.46a | 3.29d | 49.18a | 6.92a |
W1F2 | 249.64d | 3.60bc | 26.20c | 2.01f |
W2F2 | 317.55b | 3.50c | 32.34b | 4.45d |
W3F2 | 371.21a | 3.26d | 35.23b | 5.04c |
性状模糊集 Character fuzzy set | 株高 Plant height | 叶面积指数 LAI | 干物质量 Dry matter accumulation | CGR变化率 Change rate of CGR | 产量 Yield | 增产率 Yield growth rate | 水分利 用效率 WUE | 氮肥偏 生产力 PFPN | 氮肥农 学效率 ANUE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | 0.327 | 0.327 | 0.328 | 0 | 0.319 | 0 | 0.337 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
0.334 | 0.328 | 0.351 | 0 | 0.335 | 0 | 0.344 | 0.576 | 0.465 | |
0.339 | 0.344 | 0.322 | 0 | 0.346 | 0 | 0.319 | 0.424 | 0.535 | |
R2 | 0.324 | 0.317 | 0.283 | 0.147 | 0.303 | 0.243 | 0.331 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
0.335 | 0.334 | 0.353 | 0.338 | 0.343 | 0.386 | 0.352 | 0.578 | 0.541 | |
0.341 | 0.350 | 0.364 | 0.515 | 0.351 | 0.371 | 0.317 | 0.422 | 0.459 | |
R3 | 0.310 | 0.288 | 0.294 | 0.460 | 0.300 | 0.292 | 0.328 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
0.338 | 0.350 | 0.338 | 0.173 | 0.349 | 0.392 | 0.341 | 0.583 | 0.578 | |
0.352 | 0.361 | 0.368 | 0.367 | 0.350 | 0.317 | 0.331 | 0.417 | 0.422 |
Tab.5 The maize character fuzzy set of index
性状模糊集 Character fuzzy set | 株高 Plant height | 叶面积指数 LAI | 干物质量 Dry matter accumulation | CGR变化率 Change rate of CGR | 产量 Yield | 增产率 Yield growth rate | 水分利 用效率 WUE | 氮肥偏 生产力 PFPN | 氮肥农 学效率 ANUE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | 0.327 | 0.327 | 0.328 | 0 | 0.319 | 0 | 0.337 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
0.334 | 0.328 | 0.351 | 0 | 0.335 | 0 | 0.344 | 0.576 | 0.465 | |
0.339 | 0.344 | 0.322 | 0 | 0.346 | 0 | 0.319 | 0.424 | 0.535 | |
R2 | 0.324 | 0.317 | 0.283 | 0.147 | 0.303 | 0.243 | 0.331 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
0.335 | 0.334 | 0.353 | 0.338 | 0.343 | 0.386 | 0.352 | 0.578 | 0.541 | |
0.341 | 0.350 | 0.364 | 0.515 | 0.351 | 0.371 | 0.317 | 0.422 | 0.459 | |
R3 | 0.310 | 0.288 | 0.294 | 0.460 | 0.300 | 0.292 | 0.328 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
0.338 | 0.350 | 0.338 | 0.173 | 0.349 | 0.392 | 0.341 | 0.583 | 0.578 | |
0.352 | 0.361 | 0.368 | 0.367 | 0.350 | 0.317 | 0.331 | 0.417 | 0.422 |
因素 Factors | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | A6 | A7 | A8 | A9 | D1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | 1 | 1 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 0.024 |
A2 | 1 | 1 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 0.024 |
A3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | 2 | 0.089 |
A4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | 2 | 0.092 |
A5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.159 |
A6 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.178 |
A7 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.202 |
A8 | 3 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1 | 1 | 0.094 |
A9 | 3 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1 | 1 | 0.136 |
Tab.6 Judgement matrix A and its weight
因素 Factors | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | A6 | A7 | A8 | A9 | D1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | 1 | 1 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 0.024 |
A2 | 1 | 1 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 0.024 |
A3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | 2 | 0.089 |
A4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | 2 | 0.092 |
A5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.159 |
A6 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.178 |
A7 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.202 |
A8 | 3 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1 | 1 | 0.094 |
A9 | 3 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1 | 1 | 0.136 |
因素 Factors | C1 | C2 | C3 | D2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | 1 | 1/3 | 3 | 0.260 |
C2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0.633 |
C3 | 1/3 | 1/5 | 1 | 0.106 |
Tab.7 Judgement matrix A and its weight
因素 Factors | C1 | C2 | C3 | D2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | 1 | 1/3 | 3 | 0.260 |
C2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0.633 |
C3 | 1/3 | 1/5 | 1 | 0.106 |
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