Comprehensive evaluation of kernel and quality traits in maize-teosinte introgression line population

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.04.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the quality differences of maize-teosinte introgression line population in the hope of providing basis for breeding high-quality maize. 【Methods】 In this study, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the grains and quality traits of 866 families belonging to the maize-teosinte introgression line population. The traits analyzed included kernel length, kernel width, kernel thickness, and 100- kernel weight, as well as various quality-related traits such as protein, starch, soluble sugar, Lysine, phosphorus, and potassium. This comprehensive evaluation allowed us to gain insights into the genetic characteristics of these traits. 【Results】 The results showed that the 10 traits were characterized by richer variation, with coefficients of variation ranging from 6.401% to 20.451%. Kernel traits were mostly negatively correlated with quality traits, while all quality traits were positively correlated with each other except starch, protein and soluble sugar, which were negatively correlated. 10 better inbred lines were selected, in which all of the 3 rd taxon were inclusive. 【Conclusion】 The kernel and quality traits of each family line in this group have different degrees of correlation, which can be used to select materials according to their correlation in the subsequent yield and quality breeding. Meanwhile, the inbred materials with good performance in starch, soluble sugar and kernel weight can be used as the core germplasm resources for subsequent breeding.

Key words: maize; quality traits; principal component analysis; cluster analysis

摘要：

【目的】研究玉米-大刍草渗入系群体的品质差异,为选育高品质玉米品种提供依据。【方法】对玉米-大刍草渗入系群体866份家系,采用主成分分析和聚类分析法综合评价其籽粒(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、百粒重)和品质(蛋白质、淀粉、可溶性糖、赖氨酸、磷、钾)等相关性状。【结果】10个性状的变异较丰富,变异系数为6.401%~20.451%。籽粒性状普遍与品质性状负相关,而品质性状间除淀粉、蛋白质和可溶性糖呈负相关,其余皆呈正相关。筛选出10份较为良好的自交系,其中第3类群皆包含其中。【结论】该群体各个家系的籽粒及品质性状均有不同程度的相关性,在后续产量与品质育种时,可依据其相关性定向选择材料。筛选出了在淀粉、可溶性糖与粒重等方向性状表现较好的自交系材料,可作为品质育种的核心种质资源。

关键词: 玉米, 品质性状, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

CLC Number:

S513

GAO Mutian, XIAO Yanmei, LIAO Zhijie, HUANG Cheng. Comprehensive evaluation of kernel and quality traits in maize-teosinte introgression line population[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(4): 885-891.

高沐甜, 肖艳梅, 廖志杰, 黄成. 玉米-大刍草渗入系群体籽粒及品质性状的综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(4): 885-891.

Figures/Tables 6

References 24

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性状 Traits	最大值 Maximum	最小值 Minimum	变异幅度 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation(%)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation(%)
蛋白质 Protein content(%)	11.581	3.698	7.883	9.156	0.897	9.802
淀粉 Starch content(%)	85.254	56.173	29.082	75.462	5.223	6.921
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar content(%)	4.825	1.479	3.346	2.479	0.363	14.653
赖氨酸 Lysine content(%)	0.364	0.110	0.254	0.232	0.043	18.727
磷Phosphorus content(%)	2.234	0.209	2.025	0.411	0.084	20.451
钾Potassium content(%)	2.192	0.310	1.882	0.439	0.082	18.664
粒长 Kernel length(mm)	10.082	5.966	4.116	8.325	0.602 61	7.238
粒宽 Kernel width(mm)	8.710	5.114	3.596	6.795	0.514 07	7.566
粒厚 Kernel thickness(mm)	7.981	4.279	3.703	5.390	0.344 97	6.401
百粒重 100-kernel weight(g)	30.890	10.700	20.190	22.043	3.395 50	15.404

性状 Traits	最大值 Maximum	最小值 Minimum	变异幅度 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation(%)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation(%)
蛋白质 Protein content(%)	11.581	3.698	7.883	9.156	0.897	9.802
淀粉 Starch content(%)	85.254	56.173	29.082	75.462	5.223	6.921
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar content(%)	4.825	1.479	3.346	2.479	0.363	14.653
赖氨酸 Lysine content(%)	0.364	0.110	0.254	0.232	0.043	18.727
磷Phosphorus content(%)	2.234	0.209	2.025	0.411	0.084	20.451
钾Potassium content(%)	2.192	0.310	1.882	0.439	0.082	18.664
粒长 Kernel length(mm)	10.082	5.966	4.116	8.325	0.602 61	7.238
粒宽 Kernel width(mm)	8.710	5.114	3.596	6.795	0.514 07	7.566
粒厚 Kernel thickness(mm)	7.981	4.279	3.703	5.390	0.344 97	6.401
百粒重 100-kernel weight(g)	30.890	10.700	20.190	22.043	3.395 50	15.404

性状 Traits	因子1 Factor 1	因子2 Factor 2	因子3 Factor 3	因子4 Factor 4
蛋白质 Protein content(%)	-0.275	0.207	0.641	0.151
淀粉 Starch content(%)	-0.023	-0.253	0.460	0.446
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar content(%)	0.037	0.613	-0.334	-0.355
赖氨酸 Lysine content(%)	-0.271	0.588	0.282	-0.232
磷 Phosphorus content(%)	-0.234	0.500	0.019	0.308
钾 Potassium content(%)	-0.178	0.539	-0.115	0.521
粒长 Kernel length(mm)	0.824	0.139	-0.114	0.231
粒宽 Kernel width(mm)	0.918	0.124	0.042	0.105
粒厚 Kernel thickness(mm)	0.313	0.106	0.623	-0.452
百粒重 100-kernel weight(g)	0.923	0.150	0.131	0.023
特征值 Characteristic value	2.709	1.438	1.248	1.038
贡献率(%) Contribution rate	27.09	14.38	12.48	10.38

性状 Traits	因子1 Factor 1	因子2 Factor 2	因子3 Factor 3	因子4 Factor 4
蛋白质 Protein content(%)	-0.275	0.207	0.641	0.151
淀粉 Starch content(%)	-0.023	-0.253	0.460	0.446
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar content(%)	0.037	0.613	-0.334	-0.355
赖氨酸 Lysine content(%)	-0.271	0.588	0.282	-0.232
磷 Phosphorus content(%)	-0.234	0.500	0.019	0.308
钾 Potassium content(%)	-0.178	0.539	-0.115	0.521
粒长 Kernel length(mm)	0.824	0.139	-0.114	0.231
粒宽 Kernel width(mm)	0.918	0.124	0.042	0.105
粒厚 Kernel thickness(mm)	0.313	0.106	0.623	-0.452
百粒重 100-kernel weight(g)	0.923	0.150	0.131	0.023
特征值 Characteristic value	2.709	1.438	1.248	1.038
贡献率(%) Contribution rate	27.09	14.38	12.48	10.38

性状Traits	得分系数Scoring factors
蛋白质 Protein content(%)	-0.167	0.173	0.574	0.148
淀粉 Starch content(%)	-0.014	-0.211	0.412	0.438
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar content(%)	0.023	0.511	-0.299	-0.348
赖氨酸 Lysine content(%)	-0.165	0.490	0.252	-0.228
磷 Phosphorus content(%)	-0.142	0.417	0.017	0.303
钾 Potassium content(%)	-0.108	0.450	-0.103	0.512
粒长 Kernel length(mm)	0.501	0.116	-0.102	0.227
粒宽 Kernel width(mm)	0.558	0.104	0.037	0.104
粒厚 Kernel thickness(mm)	0.190	0.089	0.558	-0.444
百粒重 100-kernel weight(g)	0.561	0.125	0.117	0.023