Abstract: [Objective] The purpose of this study is find the flowering phenology and reproductive feature of D.versicolor in order to provide scientific basis for its protection and reproduction.[Method] In this research,natural populations of D.versicolor distributed in the western Tianshan Mountains were studied to test the flowering amplitude,flowering intensity and flowering synchrony,and the relationship between initial flowering date,flowering duration,flower number and fruit number was analyzed by SPSS 20.[Result] The florescence of D.versicolor population was about 120-130 days from late May to early October,and the florescence of single flower,individual plant and inflorescence was 5-7 days,18-20 days and 26-28 days,respectively;the flowering amplitude curve of individual plant showed a progressive unimodal amplitude curve,the proportion of flowering gradually increased with the passage of time,the peak appeared after flowering 16 days,and then decreased rapidly until flowering 24 days.The flowering synchrony of single flower was 0.81 with a high flowering synchrony.The results of correlation showed that the percentage of fertile fruit made a negative correlation with the flowering date,but a positive correlation with the flower number and flowering duration.[Conclusion] The main reasons for the decrease of the population and the area were the effects of overgrazing,animal eating and human factors.The protection of the D.versicolor population should be further strengthened considering the reproductive biology,the human factors should be eliminated or reduced as far as possible and a greater number of flowing population should be increased or ensured as much as possible so as to solve the problem of D.versicolor population regeneration fundamentally.

摘要： [目的]研究变色石竹的开花物候和生殖特征,为变色石竹的繁殖和保护提供科学依据.[方法]以分布于天山西部的变色石竹自然种群为研究对象,测定变色石竹的开花振幅、开花强度和花期同步性等指标,运用SPSS软件分析始花时间、花期持续时间、开花数与坐果数的关系.[结果]变色石竹种群花期为5月中下旬到10月上旬,种群花期历时120～130 d.单花花期为5～7d,个体花期为18 ～20 d,花序花期为26～28 d.变色石竹个体开花振幅曲线呈单峰曲线,随着时间的推移,开花比例逐渐上升,在开花第16 d开后开花达到峰值,然后快速下降,第24d后结束.个体开花同步指数为0.81,说明其开花同步性高,开花较为集中.坐果率与开始开花时间呈负相关,与开花总数量呈正相关,而与花期长短呈显著正相关.[结论]过度放牧,动物啃食及人为因素的影响,是变色石竹种群减小和面积减少的主要原因,从种群繁殖生物学特性角度考虑,对变色石竹种群保护应进一步加强,尽量消除和减少人为因素的影响,尽可能增加和保证种群具有较多的开花数量,才能从根本上解决种群更新困难等问题.