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Effects of Planting Patterns on Dry Matter Accumulation and Quality of Machine-harvesting Cotton WEI Xin;XU Jian-hui;ZHANG Ju-song 2017, 54(7): 1177-1184.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1297KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to find out the change law of dry matter accumulation and quality of machine harvesting cotton in Xinjiang under different planting patterns, this project aims to provide theoretical basis for field production in Xinjiang.[Method]Taking the Xinluzao 50 as the research object, this paper studied the leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and distribution, cotton quality and yield of three kinds of planting methods, (66+10) cm , (72+4) cm and (76+76) cm.[Result]The leaf area index of row spacing (66+10) cm was significantly higher than that of (72+4) cm, and the peak value was 0.19 higher than that of cm (72+4) cm, and the late growth stage decreased slowly.(76+76) cm plant growth pattern in the early stage of leaf area index was higher than that of (66+10) cm, but its growth in the latter part of the larger declined, and the peak value was lower than that of (66+10) cm.The accumulation of dry matter was a "slow-fast-slow" trend during the growth process, which showed that the Liuhudi (66+10) cm planting pattern was less than that of (72+4) cm, and the (66+10) cm planting pattern was less than that (76+76) cm.[Conclusion]From the growth and development of cotton to the formation of canopy structure, the photosynthetic characteristics to cotton fiber quality and machine-harvesting quality were compared and evaluated.The applicability of the three planting patterns to field production promotion was as follows: (76+76) cm > (66+10) cm > (72+4) cm.

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Identification of the Mutator Insertional Mutants in ZmCIPK23 CHEN Guo;CHEN Xun-ji;LI Jian-ping;HAO Xiao-yan;CHANG Xiao-chun;Zumuremu;ZHENG Jun;HUANG Quan-sheng 2017, 54(7): 1185-1190.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1122KB) ( )   [Objective] The candidate mutants of maize ZmCIPK23 gene were continuously backcrossed and self-pollinated with B73 in fields, and finally homozygous mutants with B73 background were obtained, which laid the material foundation for studying the function of this gene.[Method]The candidate mutants of ZmCIPK23 were screened from a maize Mutant library.They were planted and analyzed by nested PCR.The positive plants with Mu-insertion in the ZmCIPK23 gene were self-pollinated and backcrossed with B73 in the field.Thus the homozygous mutants were obtained.[Result]The homozygous mutant of ZmCIPK23 gene was obtained by PCR.[Conclusion]The homozygous mutant (zmcipk23) of Mu insertion of ZmCIPK23 gene was obtained.This study has provided a foundation for the functional analysis of the ZmCIPK23 gene.

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Amount on the Growth and Soil Nutrient Accumulation of Spring Wheat DOU Xiao-jing;ZHANG Yan-hong;GENG Qing-long;LAI Ning;CHEN Shu-huang 2017, 54(7): 1191-1199.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1327KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to study the influence law of effects of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth of spring wheat and temporal and spatial distribution of soil nutrients in Baicheng in the hope of finding suitable amount of nitrogen applied for growth and soil nutrient accumulation, thus achieving scientific, rational and efficient application of nitrogen fertilizer and providing theoretical basis for the protection of ecological environment in the wheat fields.[Method]In the year 2016, the test field in Baicheng Agricultural Experimental Station was chosen, and the test subject was drip irrigation spring wheat (Ninchun 44).The four nitrogen levels: control (0 kg/hm2, CK), low nitrogen (105 kg/hm2, N1), middle nitrogen (210 kg/hm2, N2) and high nitrogen (315 kg/hm2, N3) were set to analyze the differences in the growth of spring wheat (SPAD value and the factor of nitrogen in different organs, yield and yield components of phosphorus and potassium absorption and distribution) and difference of soil nutrient accumulation (organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen).[Result](1) The SPAD value was increasing with the increase of nitrogen application amount in jointing, heading, flowering and grain filling stages of spring wheat.And the suitable nitrogen amount was 315 kg/hm2.(2) There was significant correlation between yield and panicle length, total spikelet number, seedling spikelet number, sterile spikelet number, spikelet number, grain weight and grain yield(P<0.05).The yield of nitrogen fertilizer 105, 210 and 315 kg/hm2 increased by 7.2;, 27.6; and 42.1; respectively, compared with CK, among which, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer 315 kg/hm2 increased by about 114.08 kg/667 m2.(3) Different nitrogen and phosphorus allocation amount in grain and stem of spring wheat was: grain > stem (P <0.05), while the distribution of K was expressed as stem > grain (P < 0.05).The increase of nitrogen amount promoted the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by spring wheat.The most beneficial nitrogen amount of absorbing N was 315 kg/hm2, and it was 210 kg/hm2 for P and K uptake.(4) In vertical direction, soil nutrients gradually decreased with the increase of soil layer depth.In horizontal direction, the nitrogen amount 315 kg/hm2 was more favorable to soil nutrient (organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen) at the distance 0cm to the dropper belt.At the distance of 15, 30 cm to the dropper belt, 315 kg/hm2 was favorable to the accumulation of soil available nitrogen, and 210 kg/hm2 was favorable to the accumulation of organic matter and total nitrogen.[Conclusion]In summary, it can serve as a suitable nitrogen fertilizer for the growth of wheat in Xinjiang, and provide a scientific and theoretical basis for wheat drip fertigation

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Effect of Different Aeration Methods on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Cotton Leaves at Flowering Stage RAO Xiao-juan;FU Yan-bo;DOU Xiao-jing;MENG A-jing;FENG Yao-zu;WANG Zhi-guo 2017, 54(7): 1200-1207.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1176KB) ( )   [Objective] To research the mechanism of cotton growth and development with different aeration methods.[Method]The effects of different aeration methods on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton were analyzed.(CK, CO and Po represent conventional drip irrigation, chemical aeration and physical aeration, respectively.)[Result]The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate of cotton increased by 35.42;, 31.60;, 172.19; and 155.61;, 21.27; , 16.86;, 49.54; and 47.52;, respectively under PO and CO treatments.The order of PN integral value of cotton was PO (93.17) > CO (87.03) > CK (56.09).The root fresh weight and root dry weight under CO and PO treatments increased by 20.7;, 40.76;, 9.5; and 37.7;, respectively, compared with CK.Stem fresh weight, stem dry weight, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, bud fresh weight and bud dry weight were increased by 37.9;, 90.1; 30.4;, 96.3;, 50.3; and 103.1; compared with CK under CO treatment, 58.8;, 102.9;,-38.8;, 92.9;, 29.5; and, 106.9;, respectively compared with CK under PO treatment.The number of cotton boll was significantly increased by 29.5; and 53.3; respectively under CK and PO treatment compared with CK.Cotton boll weight, fiber weight, seed weight and lint percentage were increased by 19.3; ,26.7;, 13.4; and 22;, 23;, 29.8;,-4.5; and-3.3;, and the yield were increased by 54; and 93.1; under CO and PO treatments.[Conclusion]In summary, physical oxygen enrichment and drip irrigation are beneficial for photosynthesis and yield increase of Gossypium spp.and chemical oxygen enrichment is beneficial to the accumulation of aboveground biomass and underground biomass in Anningqu.

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Establishment of Regeneration System of Two Types Inbred Lines from Oil Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) ZHOU Xi-ping;WANG Meng-yao;L(U) Xin-hua;ZHU Jian-bo;SUN Li 2017, 54(7): 1208-1215.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1247KB) ( )   [Objective] The explants of two inbred oil sunflower (1538-3 and 1573-2) were used to establish the tissue regeneration culture system, and the optimum strain was selected to lay the foundation for genetic transformation.[Method]Two different inbred lines of oil sunflower were taken respectively, and the regeneration of adventitious bud of oil sunflower was induced from two aspects of indirect and direct organs by different hormone ratio.[Result]The results showed that inbred lines 1538-3 was easy to form callus in the mediums containing NAA, 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and kinetin (KT), but all the callus were white with high water damage level.The sunflower cotyledonary node could induce adventitious buds when the concentration of 6-BA was 0 to 1.0 mg/L, which couldn't be observed in other hormone combinations.The combination of MS + 0.6 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L GA3 was most suitable for the induction of adventitious bud from inbred lines 1573-2 hypocotyls explants.While for inbred line 1538-3, the most suitable medium was MS + 0.5 mg/L 6-BA + 0.05 mg/L GA3.The best concentration of NAA for inducing the root of adventitious buds ranged from 0 to 0.2 mg/L in both inbred lines.[Conclusion]The ability of the two genotypes of oil sunflower to induce adventitious bud is different.Among them, the inbred line 1538-3 has stronger regeneration ability, and it is better to choose the 1538-3 axis as the transformation receptor in the genetic transformation.

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Effects of Different Concentrations of Seawater on Seed Germination of Muskmelon ZHANG Xue-bin;HUANG Xiao-yan;CAO Ming;TAO Kai;GONG Jia-jian;YANG Xiao-feng 2017, 54(7): 1216-1222.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1075KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims at studying the effects of different concentrations of sea water on the germination of muskmelon seeds, exploring the tolerance to salt in the hope of providing the foundation for selecting and breeding salt tolerant melon varieties and utilizing seawater resources and beach land.[Method]Using petri dishes sprouting method, the effects of different concentrations of seawater-stress on germination rate, germination potential, germination index, average germination speed of seven varieties melon seeds were studied.[Result]The results showed that low concentration seawater could promote Jinmi 6 muskmelon and Hongsucui melon seed germination;A high concentration of seawater-stress had inhibitory effects on melon seed germination ability;With the increase of seawater concentrations, the inhibitory effects were strengthened.Different varieties of melon seeds have different salt tolerance.Considering the 4 indexes of germination rate, germination potential, germination index and average germination speed of muskmelon seeds, Muskmelon Jinmin 6 was the most salt-tolerant variety, and Xizhoumi17 was the weakest one.[Conclusion]After comparing and studying, the seed salt tolerance of Jinmin 6 is better, and it can be planted in salt stress area.

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Effects of Rootstocks on Leaf Quality and Light Efficiency of Cabernet Sauvignon Grape 9 ZHANG Fu-chun;SONG Xiao-hui;ZHONG Hai-xia;ZHOU Xiao-ming;HAN Shou-an;ZHANG Wen;PAN Ming-qi 2017, 54(7): 1223-1231.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1435KB) ( )   [Objective] The study amisto analyze the effects of 5BB, SO4 and 101-14MG on the photosynthesis of Cabernet Sauvignon leaves, and provide the scientific basis for the utilization and improvement of the photosynthesis of Cabernet Sauvignon 9.[Method]Taking Cabernet Sauvignon 9/5BB, Cabernet Sauvignon 9/101-14MG, Cabernet Sauvignon 9/SO4 and Cabernet Sauvignon 9 as test materials to determine of relative chlorophyll content by SPAD502, the leaf area by CID CI-202, and measure the photosynthetic parameters by TPS-2 photosynthesis apparatus.The effects of 3 rootstocks on leaf quality and photosynthesis of Cabernet Sauvignon 9 were analyzed.[Result]Cabernet Sauvignon 9/5BB increased leaf weight significantly compared with Cabernet Sauvignon 9 own-rooted tree,the leaf area also increased, the specific leaf weight increased by 21.4;, 36.8; and 35;, respectively;The SPAD value of Cabernet Sauvignon 9/101MG leaves was significantly lower than that of others;The dark respiration rate of Cabernet Sauvignon 9/101-14MG was significantly lower than that of Cabernet Sauvignon 9;Cabernet Sauvignon 9/5BB and Cabernet Sauvignon 9/SO4 had a larger light range, 2,196 μmol/(m2·s) and 2,157 μmol/(m2·s), respectively;The maximum net photosynthetic rate of Cabernet Sauvignon 9/5BB was 14.7 μmol/(m2·s), which was higher than that of other treatments;The utilization ratio of light energy of Cabernet Sauvignon 9/SO4 and Cabernet Sauvignon 9/101-14MG was higher than that of Cabernet Sauvignon 9/5BB;The light utilization index of Cabernet Sauvignon 9 was significantly lower than that of 3 rootstocks.[Conclusion]Rootstock 5BB significantly improved the leaf quality of scion variety Cabernet Sauvignon 9;SO4 slightly reduced the leaf area, 101-14MG reduced chlorophyll content.In line with this, the stock 5BB enhanced the net photosynthetic rate of the 9th leaf of Cabernet Sauvignon.The ability to resist strong light and weak light was improved, photosynthetic potential was enhanced, SO4 had no significant effect on photosynthesis of Cabernet Sauvignon 9th leaves, 101-14MG reduced photosynthesis of scion Cabernet Sauvignon 9th leaves, but from the perspective of light energy utilization, it is beneficial to the photosynthesis of Cabernet Sauvignon 9th leaves.

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Comparison of the Flavor Compounds in Different Ripe Hami Melons in Xinjiang HU Guo-zhi;XIONG Tao;WU Hai-bo;LI Qing-jun;FENG Jiong-xin;WANG Qiang 2017, 54(7): 1232-1238.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1077KB) ( )   [Objective] To analyze and measure the flavor substance of different Hami melon varieties in Xinjiang so as to screen the cultivars with better fruit aroma.[Method]The aroma components of 4 different varieties of Hami melon were mensurated by solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the relative content of each substance was indicated by areanormalization method.[Result]Some differences were found to exist between compositions of aromatic substance and components among 4 fruits.66 flavor substances were found from all the tested samples, in which 27 aromas were ester substances.The analysis of taste and texture among 4 varieties showed that the content of total sugar and refractive sugar were the highest in Huangpi 9818, and the flesh of Xinmi 9 was fine and soft with rich flavor.[Conclusion]On the basis of the type of aromatic substance and components, Xinmi 9 could be classified as an ester-type melon.

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Effects of Different Substrates on the Growth and Photosynthetic Indexes of Potted Blueberries HAN Yang-hua;GUO Gang;MA Dun;ZHOU Xiao-yun 2017, 54(7): 1239-1249.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1219KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to study the adaptability of blueberries to potted soil environment in Xinjiang, the humus soil in the spruce forest of Tianshan Mountain was mixed with garden soil in proportion and was supplemented with decomposed sheep manure and humic acid to configure the composite substrate.The growth and physiological indexes of different blueberry varieties in the substrate were analyzed in order to provide the basic theoretical basis for the promotion and comprehensive utilization of blueberry in Xinjiang.[Method]Under the greenhouse condition, four blueberry varieties were used as experimental materials, such as Bluecrop, Northland, Darrow and Duke.Two-way ANOVA experiment was used to design the four blueberry varieties with four different combinations of the medium.The growth of seedlings and the photosynthetic indexes of the leaves of blueberries in the substrate were observed.The effects of the substrate on the growth of blueberries were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA).The correlation between the substrate and the growth of blueberries was analyzed using Pearson correlation.[Result]The pH of the composite substrate did not meet the conditions of blueberry growth.The pH of the substrate and irrigation water was adjusted with acetic acid.The physical and chemical indexes of the substrate could meet the requirements of the blueberry growth environment.The effect of the substrate and varieties on the growth and photosynthetic indexes of blueberries were all significant.The effect of the substrate was greater than that of cultivars.The comprehensive impact of the growth of the two blueberry varieties such as Northland and Darrow in the composite substrate of humus soil and garden soil by 2∶1 to 3∶1 was higher.The growth of the two blueberry varieties of Bluecrop and Duke was correlated with the EC of the substrates.Its difference was significant.[Conclusion]The results showed that the surface humus and soil ratio of Tianshan spruce forest were mixed as the composite substrate in the range of 2∶1 to 3∶1, with supplementing decomposed sheep manure and humic acid.Acetic acid composite substrate and irrigation water to pH 4.5 can replace peat for the two potted blueberry varieties such as Northland and Darrow.

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Effects of Nitrogen Rate on the Growth and Soil Nutrient Accumulation of Spring Wheat under Different Drip Irrigations WANG Cheng-fu;Partiguli Sulman;JING Shao-bo;DOU Xiao-jing;HUANG Jian;FU Yan-bo;WANG Zhi-guo 2017, 54(7): 1250-1258.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1352KB) ( )   [Objective] This paper aims to comprehensively and correctly understand the effects of different basal fertilizers on the growth and photosynthetic fluorescence effect on jujube, so that we can carry out scientific fertilization management.[Method]In 2016, jujube Huizao was picked as research object in the Gobi New Village.Four treatments were set up, such as the control (CK), fulvic acid (FA), decomposed sheep manure (O) and fulvic acid + manure (FA + O) to analyze he effects on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of different basal fertilizers.[Result]Compared with the control, (1) the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of Jujube leaves treated with three kinds of basal treatments increased;(2) fulvic acid + manure was more favorable for the increase of juvenile electron transfer rate;The energy allocation strategy of red jujube leaves was mainly based on passive energy dissipation (> 50;).(3) The yield and jujube fruit number increased significantly treated by different basal fertilizers;The yield of jujube treated by fulvic acid, sheep manure, fulvic acid + sheep manure was increased by 13.4;, 2.5; and 18.0; higher than the CK.In addition, fertilization of fulvic acid of sheep manure significantly increased the fruit weight of red jujube.[Conclusion]In summary, the application of fulvic acid and humic manure was more conducive to the growth, yield and photosynthesis accumulation of Jujube.

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Effect of PP333 on Cold Resistance in Korla Fragrant Pear ZHOU Wei-quan;YANG Wen-li;YANG Hua-hua;ZHAO Shi-rong;QI Yan-qiao;LING Chao-hai;DONG Sheng-Li;LIAO Kang 2017, 54(7): 1259-1268.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2277KB) ( )   [Objective] To explore effects of different concentrations of paclobutrazol on cold resistance of Korla fragrant pear and lay the foundation for the cultivation and regulation of the fruit.[Method] In the shoot rapid growth period (April 30th), different concentrations of PP333 were sprayed on the new shoots of Korla fragrant pear;The sleeping branches of 1a Korla fragrant pear were selected as test materials and subjected to artificial low temperature treatment.The cold resistance index was measured and the logistic curve equation was fitted to calculate the critical semi-lethal temperature (LT50).Finally, the effect of paclobutrazol on cold resistance of shoots was analyzed.[Result]Compared with CK, spraying 1,000 mg/L of paclobutrazol could effectively reduce the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content in the shoots, slow down the damage of plant cell membrane under low temperature stress, and promote the content of proline and soluble in the shoot protein content, soluble sugar content, SOD activity and increased recovery germination rate.The semi-lethal temperature (LT50) was determined by Logistic inflection point and the semi-lethal temperature of 1,500 mg/L paclobutrazol was determined to be-28.80℃, while the semi-lethal temperature of CK was-25.21℃.[Conclusion]Spraying 1,500 mg/L paclobutrazol can effectively reduce the damage of shoots and improve the cold resistance of Korla fragrant pear.

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Evaluation of Germplasm Resources Nutritional Quality Characteristics of Different Brassica rapa var.rapa Varieties in the Arid Areas ZHUANG Hong-mei;WANG Hao;Beilikezi Aximu;LI Cui-mei;Wupuerjiang Duolikun;XIANG Yang;HAN Hong-wei 2017, 54(7): 1269-1277.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1388KB) ( )   [Objective] To investigate the characteristics of turnip germplasm resources in Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for the breeding of Xinjiang turnip.[Method]The total phenolics,flavonoids,soluble sugar,soluble protein,soluble solid,ascorbic acid,starch and titratable acidity content were determined and compared through the introduction of different sources of turnip,different turnip cultivars as experimental materials were studied in Keping and Shule County in southern Xinjiang.[Result]The results showed that the same turnip cultivars in different locations showed different nutritional quality,the nutritional quality in Keping County is superior to that of Shule County.The total phenolic content,soluble sugar content and soluble solid content showed a significant positive correlation,the flavonoid content and soluble sugar content showed a significant positive correlation,the protein content and ascorbic acid content showed a significant positive correlation,soluble solid content and starch content showed a highly significant positive correlation.[Conclusion]In combination with biological characteristics and nutritional characteristics of fruit, varieties suitable for planting in southern Xinjiang were selected as follows: Xinxing circle turnip,Jinqiu turnip,Keping green cone turnip,Tiandihe turnip,Keping green oblate turnip,Keping purple cone turnip and Japan turnip, which can be demonstrated and popularized in larger area.

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Isolation, Identification and Enzyme Activities of Two Thermotolerant Fungi YANG Hong-mei;YIN Ya-lan;SHI Ying-wu;GAO Yan;LIN Qing;ZHANG Tao;CHU Min;LOU Kai 2017, 54(7): 1278-1283.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1231KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to have a preliminary identification of the two thermotolerant fungi MHS7 and MHS9 isolated from a hot gas spring in Manasi County of Xining and study their enzyme activities.[Method]Thermotolerant fungi were isolated and screened by using a agar dilution method, and the primary identification was studied according to cultural characteristics and rDNA ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequences analysis.The amylase, protease, cellulose, lipase, xylanase and glycosidase were detected on six special selective media for thermotolerant fungus strains with the enzyme activity.[Result]Two strains of thermotolerant fungi named MHS7 and MHS9 were isolated.ITS sequence analysis identified that the strain MHS7 belonged to Gymnascella sp., and the strain MHS9 was Eurotium sp..Studies on enzyme-producing activities of strains MHS7 and MHS9 indicated that both of them produced amylase, protease, cellulose, and lipase.Of the two, the strain MHS9 had higher levels of amylase and protease activities than the strain MHS7.[Conclusion]The thermotolerant fungi MHS7 and MHS9 had complex enzyme activities and might have potential application value.

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Analysis of the Binding Effect of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Peptide and Different Fragments of Extracellular Domain ZHAO Ting;XI Ou-yan;QIN Rui-ping;QIU Lin-lin;MA Xiao-lin;LI Jiang-wei 2017, 54(7): 1284-1290.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1298KB) ( )   [Objective] The FSH33-53 peptide binds to its receptor FSHR and activates the downstream signal as a FSH functional peptide.However, its specific binding position on the receptor is unclear.The aim of this study is to elucidate the binding region of the FSH33-53 peptide on the receptor FSHR in the hope of providing a basis for FSH-based vaccine design.[Method]The extracellular domain(ECD)and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and constructed recombinant plasmids pET22b-FSHR-ECD and pET22b-FSHR-LRR.Protein FSHR-ECD and FSHR-LRR were obtained by expression and purification.FSHR9-30-KLH.was obtained by peptide synthesis, and binding and affinity of receptor fragments with FSH33-53 peptide were detected by ELISA method.[Result]The proteins FSHR-ECD and FSHR-LRR were successfully expressed and purified and their relative molecular mass (MR) was 43 and 32kda., respectively.When the receptor was 0.5 μg / mL and the ligand was 2.5 μg / mL, the three proteins were bound to the FSH33-53 peptide.The affinity of ELISA to detect the ligand and ligand was 0.21 × 10-6, 0.45 × 10-6 and 0.056 × 10-6 mol / L, respectively.[Conclusion]The binding of LRR fragment to FSH33-53 peptide is stronger than that of the other two fragments.

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Comparative Study on the Contents of Rutin, Hyperoside and Isoquercitrin in Two Kinds of Apocynum Leaves FENG Chun-yan;QING De-gang;NI Hui;SUN Yu;ZHANG Juan;JIA Xiao-guang;XU Jian-guo 2017, 54(7): 1291-1297.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1172KB) ( )   [Objective] To determine the content of rutin, hyperoside and isoquercitrin in apocynum leaf by HPLC, and compare the content of 3 flavonoids in Apocynum leaf from different sources.[Method]The assay was performed on symmetry column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), eluted with a gradient of acetonitrile-0.2; aqueous phosphoric acid at 35℃.The rate of flow was 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength was 360 nm, the infection volume was 10 μL.[Result]The linear ranges of rutin, hyperoside and isoquercitrin were 0.251,1-1.255,4 μg, 0.026,6-0.265,9 μg, and 0.235,6-1.178,0 μg, and the correlation coefficients were 0.999,8, 0.999,9 and 0.999,9 respectively;The average recovery rates were 103.6;, 102.1; and 104.4;, respectively and the RSD was less than 3.8;.The content of isoquercitrin in Poacynum hendersonii(Hook.f.) Woodson was the highest,rutin in Apocynum venetum Linn was the highest ,and hypericides were detected only in Apocynum venetum Linn.[Conclusion]HPLC method can be used to determine the content of 3 flavonoids in Apocynum venetum L.There are certain rules in the content of 3 flavonoids in two kinds of Apocynum venetum, and the results can provide two methods and basis for quality control of Apocynum venetum, The content of isoquercitrin in Apocynum venetum Linn is slightly higher than that of Poacynum hendersonii (Hook.f.) Woodson, the content of hyperoside is only 0.05;, no hypericides were detected in Poacynum hendersonii (Hook.f.) Woodson, and the results can provide two methods and basis for quality control of Apocynm venetum.

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Rapid Generation of Anti-FSHR Nanobody by CDR3 Affinity Transfer Approach XI Ou-yan;QIU Ling-ling;MA Xiao-ling;QIN Rui-ping;ZHAO Ting;LI Jiang-wei 2017, 54(7): 1298-1304.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1308KB) ( )   [Objective] To evaluate the potential of camel-derived antibody cAbBCII10 as a non-antibody affinity transfer skeleton, the FSHR binding peptide was grafted to the antigen-binding region of cAbBCII10 using affinity transfer to rapidly obtain anti-FSHR antibody.[Method]The FSH binding motif FSH 33-53 coding sequence was inserted into the CDR1 and CDR3 regions of the nanobody cAbBCII10, respectively, and named VHH-hFSH1 and VHH-hFSH3.These DNA sequences were cloned into pET22b vector and transformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3), and purified single-domain antibody was obtained by IPTG induction and Ni-affinity affinity chromatography.[Result]Finally binding capacity and specificity of purified cAbBCII10, VHH-hFSH1 and VHH-hFSH3 with FSHR were identified by ELISA.The VHH-hFSH1, VHH-hFSH3 and cAbBCII10 proteins obtained by the framework transplantation were expressed in the intercellular space of bacteria.ELISA experiments showed that the VHH-hFSH3 obtained by grafting the FSHR binding peptide FSH33-53 to the CDR3 of cAbBCII10 had a specific binding to FSHR activity.[Conclusion]CAbBCII10 can be used as a graft framework, FSH and FSHR binding peptide grafted into the CDR1 and CDR3 regions of cAbBCII10 can obtain higher affinity anti-FSHR antibody.

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Comparative Study of Four Methods of Total Protein Extraction from Seeds of Two Species of Lepidium Plants DING Jin-peng;ZHANG Na;LI Qun 2017, 54(7): 1305-1312.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1370KB) ( )   [Objective] To explore the extraction methods of protein samples for SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) of the stem, vegetable, and vegetable seeds, and lay the foundation for the study of seed protein proteomics of the two species of Lepidium plants.[Method]The efficiency of four protein extraction methods were compared and analyzed through protein purity detection and SDS-PAGE.[Result]Of all the four methods, TCA/acetone extraction method generated higher yield as well as highest resolution and clear estelectrophoresis bands in SDS-PAGE, lysis extraction method got the highest protein yield whereas with highest impurities, Tris-HCl method and phenol method could obtain the highest purity but lowest protein yield, meanwhile protein extracted by lysis method and phenol method had the highest level of high-abundance proteins which could cause serious interference in further SDS-PAGE and 2-DE analysis.We got 6 differential expressed bands after compared between two species of Lepidium plants by SDS-PAGE using seed total protein extracted by TCA/acetone extraction method and phenol method.[Conclusion]TCA/acetone seed total protein extraction method is an optimal sample preparation protocol for SDS-PAGE and 2-DE.Besides, the differential bands of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of two kinds of Lepidium seed protein could provide reference for screening two seeds.

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Experimental Study on Processing Parameters of Granulation of Stalk Combined Pellet Feed ZHANG Jie;LI Hao;KONG Li-zhuo;Paherding;SU Jian;MA Juan;FENG Bin 2017, 54(7): 1313-1322.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1356KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to provide study data for straw formula granulated feed production and processing in Xinjiang, this project aims to conduct experiments to determine the granulating process parameters of compound maize straw particles.[Method]By single factor and orthogonal experiments to analyze the influences such as the ratio of fine and coarse materials, water content of raw materials, raw material crushing length and feeding speed of various factors during the granulation process on indexes: the density of particles with straw feed after forming, powdering rate and molding rate to determine the optimum parameters of main processing technology of straw blended pellet feed.[Result]⑴ When the proportion of raw material and coarse material was less than 5∶5, the molding rate increased greatly, and the pulverization rate decreased greatly.When the proportion of raw material and coarse material was greater than 5∶5, shape index was not ideal and even appeared to be out of shape.The raw material flows directly from the granulator to the crushed state.When we took the pure thick ratio of materials 2∶8, the density of pellet feed and forming rate were maximum, and percentage of powdered pellets was minimum.⑵ When raw material moisture content was 12;, the density of pellet feed and forming rate were maximum, percentage of powdered pellets was minimum.⑶ When the raw material grinding length was 2 (The length was less than 3mm of maize straw mixture), the forming rate was at the peak and the pulverization rate was lowest.[Conclusion]⑴When raw material moisture content range between 10;-14;, particle shaping effect is better, with 12; of the raw material moisture content is optimal.⑵ The effects of different feeding speed on the density of pellet feed, forming rate and pulverization rate are not obvious.⑶ Through the orthogonal experiment and range analysis, we concluded that forage-concentrate ratio to the density of pellet feed and molding rate all have a significant impact, different moisture contents of grain feed raw material pulverization rate effect is remarkable, raw materials for different moisture contents made obviously effect on pulverization rate.⑷ Through the analysis of the comprehensive balance method, we have get primary and secondary order of four factors: forage-concentrate ratio>moisture>size>velocity.And the optimal production condition is A2B2C3D2.

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Study of Bacterial Number and Diversity in Manure of Beef Cattle Fed by Fermented Cottonseed Meal LIANG Min;ZHANG Wen-ju;ZHANG Fan-fan;CHEN Ning;YIN Jun-liang 2017, 54(7): 1323-1331.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1145KB) ( )   [Objective] To study the effect of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on the number of bacteria and diversity in Angus beef cattle manure.[Method]The number of bacteria was calculated by plate counting method, V6-V8 DNA gene amplification of bacterial 16S rDNA was performed by PCR technique.The PCR products were subjected to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).The specific bands of fingerprint were obtained and sequenced, and bacterial strains were identified by BLAST.[Result](1) In early experiment, there were significant differences in total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus between group C and group T (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in Staphylococcus aureus between them (P> 0.05).In late experiment, there was no significant difference in total bacteria between group C and group T (P> 0.05), but Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus were significantly different (P< 0.05).(2) Bacteria found in cow dung were: Salmonella, Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, Shigella, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter and Enterococcus, and among them, Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli might be the dominant bacteria in cow manure.[Conclusion]Total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus have obvious change in the number of early and late experiment period.There are many kinds of bacteria in cow dung, which reflect the diversity of microbial flora in cow manure.

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Dynamic Study of Reseeding on Prevention and Control Effect in the Area of the Achnatherum inebrians in Xinjiang JIN Gui-li;ZHU Xi-wen;SUN Zong-jiu;WEI Xiu-hong;Gulibanu Kawuli;WANG Ji-yun;SHI Zhi-ming 2017, 54(7): 1332-1338.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1427KB) ( )   [Objective] To discuss the variation and the stability of the different sowing methods in area of the Achnatherum inebrians and lay the foundation for the effective prevention and control methods.[Method]In 2013, reseeding experiments were conducted on Ashili Township mountain meadow of Changji Prefecture, Xinjiang and 3 year later after sowing, A.inebrians and the edible forage went through field monitoring and research.[Result]The results showed that with the increase of replenishment time, the height of the most A.inebrians decreased, coverage and aboveground biomass increased in 2015 and then decreased in 2016, density showed a certain degree of volatility;The height and coverage of edible pasture were negatively correlated with the change of A.inebrians, density also fluctuated, but aboveground biomass showed a continuous upward trend.Comprehensive evaluation showed that B2 (unicast alfalfa (Medicago sativa)), treatment had a relatively strong inhibitory effect on the population characteristics of A.inebrians, which at the same time promoted the role of each index of edible forage.[Conclusion]Therefore, it is suggested that Medicago sativa should be planted in the area where A.inebrians occur, so as to achieve the goal of ecological restoration and long-term control of A.inebrians.

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Effects of Hydrotherapy and Ambling on the Blood Index of Yili Horse in Every Stage of the 12 km Test Event GE Yan-mei;MENG Jun;WANG Huan;ZENG Ya-qi;WANG Jian-wen;YAO Xin-kui;ZHANG Ya-ang;KONG Qi-sen;CHENG Jie;XIN Ya-li;ZHANG Yue;GUO Chen-xin 2017, 54(7): 1339-1347.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1109KB) ( )   [Objective] To evaluate the effects of hydrotherapy and ambling on the recovery of horses after movement so as to provide a theoretical guidance for the recovery of Yili Horse after movement.[Method]Hydrotherapy and ambling were conducted respectively for the recovery of the twelve Yili houses after the test.Venous blood collection was carried out before the test, the moment at the end of the test, 20 min after the test and 1 h after the test respectively.At the same time, the blood indicators of the blood samples were measured.[Result]After the race, different methods were conducted for the fatigue recovery.BE of ambling was significantly higher than that of the hydrotherapy and blank group (P<0.05) 20 min and 1 h later after the race to the end of the match.LAC of ambling was significantly lower than that of hydrotherapy (P<0.05) 20 min later after the race to the end of the match.LAC of ambling was significantly lower than that of hydrotherapy (P<0.05) and that of blank group (P<0.05) 1 h later after the race to the end of the match.The three groups'pH and cHCO3-showed no significant difference 20 min later after the race to the end of the match(P>0.05).Ambling's pH of was very significantly higher that of hydrotherapy (P<0.01) 1 hour later to the end of the match.cHCO3-of hydrotherapy and ambling was significantly higher that of the blank group (P<0.05).Hb of ambling was significantly lower than that of hydrotherapy and blank group 20 min later after the race to the end of the match (P<0.05).Hct of hydrotherapy was significantly higher that of ambling (P<0.05).K+ of hydrotherapy was significantly lower than that of ambling (P<0.05) 20 min later after the race to the end of the match;Ca2+ of hydrotherapy is significantly higher than that of ambling and blank group (P<0.05);Na+ of three groups displayed no significant difference (P>0.05);K+, Ca2+ and Na+ of three groups have no significant difference 20 min later after the race to the end of the match (P>0.05).[Conclusion]Ambling has better effect on the regulation of acid-base balance, hydrotherapy has better effect on the regulation of electrolyte, so both ambling and hydrotherapy can be used for horse recovery after the test.LAC, BE, pH and Ca2+ in the blood are significantly different using different methods for recovery, which can be used as indices to evaluate the recovery of horses.

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Changes of Blood Biochemical Indexes in Young Yili Horse during Different Training Stages WANG Dong;MENG Jun;WANG Jian-wen;ZENG Ya-qi;YAO Xin-kui;KONG Qi-sen;CHENG Jie;XIN Ya-li;HU Lin;MA Ting 2017, 54(7): 1348-1355.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1095KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to analyze the changes of blood biochemical indexes in different training stages and explore the feasibility of training program in order to provide data reference for training and training of young Yili horse through the training program for 8 young Yili horses, a training program combining ramp training with interval training for 6 weeks.[Method]Testing plasma with ALT, AST, ALT/AST, CK, LDH, CREA,TG, TP,UA, LAC, Ca2+ and P+, twelve blood biochemical indexes at week 0, week 2, week 4 and week 6, the training respectively and analyzing the variance, and contrast the changing rule of the during different training stages.[Result]The activities of ALT and ALT/AST were significantly higher than those before training at 4th week (P<0.05), TG and Ca2+ were significantly lower than those before training at 6 th week (P<0.05).After game, the level of ALT, ALT/AST and CREA training were extremely significant higher than those before training at 4 th week (P<0.01).At the 6th week, LAC was significantly higher than that before training, Ca2+ was significantly lower than that before training (P<0.05).[Conclusion]This indicated that the experiment used in the tuning training program of the test had a positive effect and its anaerobic metabolic capacity has been increased.The training program can be used as a reference scheme for future horse tuning training.

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Research on the Characteristics of Postmortem Kirgiz Sheep Skeletal Muscle Meat Quality after Slaughter at Different Ages SHI Shuai;Batuer Abulikemu;GAO Wei-ming;ZHOU Wei-dong;WANG Wen-qi 2017, 54(7): 1356-1363.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1094KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to study the meat quality characteristics of Kirgiz sheep and some relevant influence factors in order to provide theoretical basis for the protection of germplasm resources of the sheep and rational development of the organized production.[Method]To explore the factors of meat quality and effect of Kirghiz sheep, protect germplasm resource and provide scientific basis for rational development and production of Kirgiz sheep.[Result]Test results are as follows: the crude fat, crude ash, crude protein and other nutrients content of Kirgiz skeletal muscle mutton have significant effect in different age (P < 0.01).with the increase of age, content of protein, fat and inorganic substance have higher levels.The tenderness content of Kirgiz mutton have significant effect in different age (P < 0.01).with the increase of age, content of tenderness have lower levels.The pH value was maintained at 5.58-5.83 of sheep slaughter after 2 hours.The iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, copper and other mineral elements content of Kirgiz mutton have significant effect in different age (P < 0.01).[Conclusion]With the increase of age, Kirkiz sheep skeletal muscle protein, fat, minerals, calcium, zinc, magnesium, copper and other mineral elements, types and quantity of amino acids are becoming more abundant, while the tenderness is decreased.The pH value in the meat 2 hours after slaughter remains in the range of 5.58-5.83.

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Study of the Relationship between the Patterns of Ecological Agriculture and the Income of Farmers and Herdsmen in Four Prefectures of Southern Xinjiang LI Jiang-nan;CHEN Tong 2017, 54(7): 1364-1372.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1093KB) ( )   [Objective] This paper studies the relationship between the eco-agricultural combination pattern and the income of farmers and herdsmen in the four prefectures in Xinjiang inorder to provide scientific basis and reference for the development of ecological agriculture in four prefecurres in southern Xinjiang.[Method]On the basis of the relevant literature and field research, the empirical data of some townships and villages in the four prefectures (Aksu prefecture, Kashi prefecture, Kezilesu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, and Hotan prefecture) were collected, compiled and summarized, and the linear regression model was applied to analyze the agricultural and animal husbandry industrialization management model in order to find out the main factors that were influencing the business model and animal husbandry industrialization.[Result]The income of urban and rural residents in the four prefectures of southern Xinjiang was relatively backward in the whole Xinjiang region, and the gap is obvious.The agricultural and herdsmen had low educational level and the top three agricultural and husbandry modes were: the mono-cropping, the single farming and agro animal husbandry ecotourism;Corporatization agriculture and animal husbandry mode was the most effective and the ecological farming management mode has the most significant impact on the income of farmers and herdsmen.[Conclusion]The more family property owned by the farmers and herdsmen, the more income;the more land resources invested by the farmers and herdsmen, the more the production efficiency and income increase;the industrial integration business model, the farming and animal husbandry tourism business model and the ecological cultivation and management model have significant impacts on the income of farmers and herdsmen, whose impact rate are 86.27;, 110.55; and 165.03;.