Abstract: 【 Objective 】 In order to understand the diversity characteristics of soil mite community under different land use types in arid area, the community structure of soil mites in Shanshan County was comparatively studied.【 Method 】The comparative investigation was conducted by using the conventional field sampling method and modified Tullgren method to classify, identify and compare soil mites of 7 different land use types in the Shanshan County of Xinjiang, China.【 Result 】A total of 26,637 individuals of soil mites were collected, which belonged to 69 families, 98 genera of Acari. Among them, oribatida was 21,209 individuals, 49 genera, 38 families; Mesostigmata was 3,702 individuals, 22 genera, 16 families; Prostigmata was 1,209 individuals, 22 genera and 13 families, and Astigmata was 517 individuals, 5 genera and 2 families. There were significant differences in individual number, group number and community diversity of soil mites in different land use types (P<0.05). Among them, shelterbelt diversity was the highest, while cultivated land was the lowest.【 Conclusion 】The differences of the different land-use types have obviously impacts on the community diversity of soil mites, the litter content and human activity disturbances were the main factors affecting the community diversity of soil mites in that area.