Abstract: 【Objective】 To discuss the optimal combination of water and fertilizer and provide the theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation of winter wheat and the measures of saving water and fertilizer by designing two factors and four levels of split area and regulating and controlling the amount of fertilizer and irrigation.【Method】The experiment was conducted with Xindong No.36 as the test material. Under the condition of field drip irrigation, four fertilizer rates of 0 kg / hm² (N0), 375 kg / hm² (N1) , 450 kg / hm² (N2) and 525 kg / hm² (N3) were set; Four irrigation gradients were: 3,450 m³ / hm² (W1), 4,200 m³ / hm² (W2) , 4,950 m³ / hm² (W3), 5,700 m³ / hm² (W4). Through the study of dry matter, leaf area index and yield traits, the effects of water and fertilizer on the growth of wheat were revealed.【Result】Under the same amount of fertilizer, increasing irrigation volume significantly increased dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and yield. The accumulation of dry matter increased rapidly and slowly from jointing stage to filling stage. Logistic equation fitting showed that dry matter accumulated rapidly from 5-7 d after jointing stage, after 35-45 d, it turned to slow accumulation. The rapid accumulation time of N2W2 was the earliest and the maximum accumulation rate was higher. Leaf area index (LAI) reached the maximum at booting stage and gradually decreased at later stage. N2W3 treatment increased rapidly from jointing to booting stage, and increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation amount. The final yield was N2 > N3 > N1 > N0, and the highest yield was 9,848.13 kg/hm² for N2W3 treatment. There was no significant difference with N2W2 treatment. The effect of water and fertilizer interaction on panicle number and yield was very significant (P < 0.01), and had significant effect on grain number per ear (P < 0.05), but had no significant correlation with 1,000-grain weight.【Conclusion】In conclusion, the fertilization amount is 450 kg/hm² and irrigation volume is 4,200 m³ / hm², that is, N2W2 treatment is the optimal combination of high yield and water and fertilizer saving.