Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of germplasm source, producing place and environmental factors on the gum yield and polysaccharide content of E. oxycarpa, E. angustifolia and E. angustifolia var.orientalis.【Method】To investigate Elaeagnus L. different populations in Xinjiang, collected Elaeagnus gum and measured the yield, extracted the polysaccharides of gum and calculated the content. The field investigation of medicinal resources of Elaeagnus L. in Xinjiang was carried out, the Elaeagnus gum was collected, the gum production rate was calculated, the polysaccharides in Elaeagnus gum were extracted and the content was calculated. 【Result】The results showed that there was no significant difference in yield and polysaccharide content among different germplasm source(P>0.05, P=0.173). The correlation between producing area and gum yield was significant(P=0.003, P=0.019, P=0.011), low latitude area was higher than high latitude area, while the polysaccharides content and producing area was not significantly different(P=0.051). Among ecological factors, the lower the elevation, the longer the frost-free period, the higher the annual average temperature and the higher the gum yield (P < 0.05), while the content of polysaccharides had no significant correlation with ecological factors (P > 0.05).【Conclusion】According to the research results, it is suggested to popularize the plant Elaeagnus trees in the lower altitude of the plains and in the south of Tianshan Mountains to promote Elaeagnus gum industry development.