Abstract: 【Objective】 To provide reference for the utilization of summer soybean resources in Huang-huai-hai (Southern area) and the selection of high-quality germplasm. 【Methods】 46 new soybean varieties(lines) of the national Huang-huai-hai summer soybean (South) pilot test in 2020 were used as materials and 9 agronomic traits were studied for genetic variation, principal component analysis, comprehensive evaluation, and cluster analysis. 【Results】 The 9 agronomic traits of different materials showed great differences; the effective branch number and bottom pod height had the largest coefficient of variation; the yield was significantly positively correlated with the number of seeds per plant and the weight per plant, and was related to 100 seeds. The weight was significantly positively correlated; the grain weight per pant was significantly positively correlated with the number of effective pods per plant and the number of gains per plant; the hundred-seed weight was significantly positively correlated with the grain weight per plant, and significantly negatively correlated with the number of effective branches correlation. The number of branches was negatively correlated with the height of the bottom pod. Principal component analysis transformed 9 traits into 3 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 66.5%, and comprehensively evaluated of 46 varieties (lines); cluster analysis divided the test materials into 3 groups, among which group I, whose plant type was taller, had better branching properties, a hevier 100-seed weight and good yield. Group II had the largest 100-grain weight, short plant type, few branches, and poor yield. Group III had the largest number of branches, the smallest 100-grain weight, medium to small plant type, with average high yield. 【Conclusion】 The germplasm resources of Huang-huai-hai summer soybean (South) had a high level of diversity and rich genetic diversity. The selection of good parents should grasp the keys to the mutual connection and mutual restriction among the “yield factor”,“main stem factor” and “branch factor”. The five varieties (lines), Zheng 1440, Zhoudou 34, Pudou 5110, Hengdou 6 and Nannong 47 with the highest comprehensive scores can be used as good parents to improve local soybean varieties. Cluster analysis of the test materials were divided into 3 groups. Group I was used as excellent parents for multi-target traits and comprehensive traits, group II was used as excellent parents for breeding larg-grain varieties, and group III can be used as excellent parents for breeding multi-branched varieties.