Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the effects of temperature and humidity on the survival of the overwintering adults of the psyllids (Egeirotrioza ceardi Bergevin) in Populus euphratica in Northern Xinjiang with the view to laying a foundation for the study of the integrated control technology of these psyllids and the protection of Populus euphratica resources. 【Methods】 The temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) in the overwintering environment of adult Psylla chuae on Populus euphratica were monitored by automatic temperature and humidity recorder. The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the survival of adult psyllids were studied in the simulated small environment of Populus euphratica forest region by using two factor random block designs. 【Results】 The results showed that the temperature and relative humidity of the hibernation place of the psyllid varied from 5℃ to 15℃ and from 25% to 75%, respectively. The relationship between temperature and humidity and survival rate of the psyllids showed that the survival ability of the psyllids decreased with the increase of temperature. In the range of 5-25℃, and there was significant difference among the temperatures. The survival time of the adults was the longest, up to 150 days (RH=25%) and 200 days (RH=75%). However, at 25℃, it was 7 days (RH=25%) and 12 days (RH=75%), respectively; The survival time of the adults at 75% RH was significantly higher than that at 25% RH. In the range of 5-25℃,the survival of the adults decreased significantly with increasing temperature. At 5℃,the survival time was the longest,up to 150 d (RH=25%) and 200 d (RH=75%). At 25℃, the survival time was the lowest,down to 7.0 d (RH=25%) and 12 d (RH=75%),respectively. The survival time of the psylla with RH=75% was significantly higher than with RH=25% condition,it showed that water had an obviously effect on the survival of the psylla. Two factor analysis of variance showed that temperature and humidity had significant interaction effects on the survival of the psylla. 【Conclusion】 The ecological characteristics of the overwintering adults of Egeirotrioza ceardi were preliminarily understood. In Northern Xinjiang, Egeirotrioza ceardi emerged successively from late September to late October. In mid November, its entered the overwintering place as adults, mainly overwintering under the deciduous layer of Populus euphratica forest region, and hibernated in mid April of the next year. Higher temperature and water shortage environment were not conducive to the survival of the overwintering adults psyllids in winter.This study is of theoretical significance to understand the ecological adaptability and control of psyllids in Populus euphratica forest region in Northern Xinjiang.