Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to rationally evaluate the performance of different soybean varieties in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 27 domestic soybean germplasms were selected as the experimental materials. Meanwhile, the coefficient of variation, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, path analysis and cluster analysis were conducted through eleven agronomic traits examination. 【Results】 The results showed that the main soybean quantitative traits have rich variations with the variation coefficient of 8.3% -78.8%. The variation coefficient of branch number is the largest and the variation coefficient of 100-seed weight is the smallest. The yield is has a positive or extremely positive correlation with branch number, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant. However, the yield has a negative correlation with Height of lowest pod and has an extremely negative correlation with grain number per plant and grain weight per plant. Through principal component analysis, three components were extracted and the cumulative contribution rate reached 75.98%. It was obvious that the main traits affecting yield include grain number per plant、grain weight per plant and 100-seed weight and plant type factor. Stepwise regression analysis was applied to establish the linear regression equation Y=-1,989.985+39.429X₈+150.432X₁₀+23.137X₉ between yield and grain number per plant, 100-seed weight and grain weight per plant. The determination coefficient was R²=0.887. Based on path analysis, grain number per plant (0.863) and grain weight per plant (0.739) are of more importance than 100-seed weight (0.155) in determining soybean yield. Cluster analysis was adopted. Systematic cluster analysis classified the tested materials into seven divisions at Euclidean distance 15 level. The division I, III and VI have a plant height of about 83 cm and a growth period of about 117 d. They have few branches and high yield. They are of medium-maturing type and are suitable for planting in Yili, Xinjiang. 【Conclusion】 The main representative varieties are Kenfeng14, Suinong 29, Heinong 62, Heinong 52, Heinong 61. The growth period of Zhonghuang 30, Xinfeng 1, Zhonghuang 54, Heinong 51, Heinong 55 and Heinong 63 is generally around 140 d, which is late-maturing type, and should not be planted in Xinjiang.