温室膜下微喷灌溉技术研究进展

Research status and progress of micro-jet irrigation technology under plastic film in greenhouses

  • 摘要: 【目的】 汇总温室膜下微喷灌溉技术研究现状与进展,分析该技术在温室生产的影响,为该技术在设施农业节水灌溉上的应用提供理论依据。 【方法】 查阅文献资料,采用统计学对比分析方法,汇总近20年温室灌溉的概况,分析膜下微喷技术在温室灌溉中的研究进展。 【结果】 我国微喷灌面积占世界微喷灌面积的35%,主要研究包括微喷带的喷射角度、铺设长度对土壤水分分布及作物产量的影响,膜下微喷灌技术的应用,膜下微喷技术在大田露地种植和温室灌溉中应用,应用作物种类包括玉米、烟草、甘蔗、果蔬等。节水效果略逊于滴灌,在水源紧张地区使用有限,但抗堵塞能力强于滴灌,安装成本较低,限于半干旱地区。 【结论】 膜下微喷灌溉作为新型节水灌溉方式,具有良好的抗堵塞能力且造价较低,在减少地面蒸发以及提高作物水分利用效率等优势显著,是有效控制和改善土壤次生盐渍化的灌溉方式之一。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 To review and summarize the research status and progress of micro-jet irrigation technology under plastic film in greenhouses in the past 20 years, analyze the impact of this technology on greenhouse production in the hope of providing theoretical basis and technical support for its application in facility agriculture water-saving irrigation. 【Methods】 The advantages and disadvantages of current greenhouse irrigation were summarized by summarizing domestic and foreign research literature and comparative analysis.The application research status and research results of micro-spraying technology under plastic film in greenhouse irrigation were analyzed and summarized. 【Results】 At present, China accounted for 35% of the world’s microirrigation area and scholars mainly studied the influence of spray angle and laying length of microspray belt on soil moisture distribution and crop yield.Submembrane microspray technology were successfully used in field land planting and greenhouse irrigation, including corn, tobacco, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables.Compared with conventional irrigation, drip irrigation under mulch had made some progress based on plant physiology and ecology, and its water-saving effect was slightly inferior to drip irrigation.But it was limited in water source shortage areas, but it has stronger anti-clogging ability, lower installation cost, and was limited to semi-arid areas. 【Conclusion】 As a new water-saving irrigation method, under plastic film micro spray irrigation has good anti blocking ability and low cost.It has significant advantages in reducing ground evaporation and improving crop water use efficiency.It is one of the irrigation methods that can effectively control and improve soil secondary salinization.Truly, submembrane microspray irrigation technology can promote the green development of facility agriculture

     

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