Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aims to screen out new apple varieties with strong cold hardiness by studying the heredity disciplinarian of cold hardiness in apple hybrid progenies, so as to lay a foundation for the development of coldhardiness breeding of apples in North Xinjiang. 【Methods】 The F₁ generations hybrid progeny of Huahong×uanshuai, Guoguang×Huahong, Donglimeng×Huahong, and the F₂ generations hybrid progeny of Chiyang×Xinhong (Huahong×Yuanshuai), Jinguan×Xinguang (Guoguang×Huahong), Jinguan×Xindong (Donglimeng×Huahong), were used as test materials.The genetic tendency of cold hardiness in the first and second generations of apple hybrids, the offspring of recrossing between F₁ generation and big apple, and the reciprocal hybrid combinations of small apple with cold resistance and big apple were investigated. 【Results】 F₁ has a cold resistance of 26.45%,and F₂ is only 1.35%,The F₂ generation has decreased by 25.1% compared the F₁ generation.F₂ generation has a higher mutation rate than F₁ generation,among them,the combination of Jinguan×Xinguang(Guoguang×Huahong)has the highest variation rate.The order of the number of plants appearing at each level is level 4>level 2>level 3>level 1>level 0. 【Conclusion】 After the small cold resistance apples were hybridized with excellent big apples, the cold hardiness of filial generation was affected greatly by small apples.Small apples had strong hereditary capacity.When F₁ generation with strong cold hardiness was crossed with big apple, the cold resistance of F₂ generation decreased significantly.When reciprocal cross between the big apples without cold hardiness and small apples with cold hardiness were carried out, the small apples with cold hardiness as female parents were significantly better than them as male parents.