Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the effects of reducing nitrogen application on nutrient content and nitrogen partial factor productivity of rice under dry farming conditions. 【Methods】 A field experiment was conducted with Meixiangnian as the material. Five treatments were set up: conventional flooding nitrogen application (216 kg/hm², CK), dry farming nitrogen application (216 kg/hm², H₀), dry farming nitrogen reduction 10 % (194.4 kg/hm², H₁₀), dry farming nitrogen reduction 20 % (172.8 kg/hm², H₂₀), dry farming nitrogen reduction 40 % (129.6 kg/hm², H₄₀). The effects of different water conditions and nitrogen fertilizer reduction on soil basic nutrients, rice biomass, nitrogen content, yield and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in paddy field were studied. 【Results】 The results showed that compared with the traditional flooding cultivation, rice dry farming significantly increased soil organic matter content, significantly reduced soil pH value and available phosphorus content, and other nutrient contents did not change significantly. Dry farming reduced the biomass of rice roots, stems, leaves, panicles, total nitrogen content and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer. There was no significant change in the number of plants per unit area, 1000-grain weight and yield of rice under dry farming. Under the condition of reducing nitrogen fertilizer in dry farming, the change of soil nutrient status was different, and the change was slighter than that of dry farming and traditional flooding cultivation. The biomass and nitrogen content of roots, stems, leaves and panicles of rice decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer reduction, and the biomass and nitrogen content of panicles increased significantly under H₄₀ treatment compared with H₀ treatment. The partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer reduction, and reached the highest at H₄₀. Compared with H₀, the yield of H₁₀ and H₂₀ did not decrease significantly, and the decrease of H₄₀ was greater than those of H₁₀ and H₂₀, but the yield was not significantly different from that of H₀. 【Conclusion】 Reducing nitrogen fertilizer by 40 % under dry farming conditions can significantly increase fertilizer productivity while reducing yield.