薰衣草种子内生细菌T2-29的鉴定与生防促生效果分析

Identification and plant growth promotion of endophyte bacterium T2-29 in lavender seeds

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 本研究从新疆伊犁薰衣草种子中分离内生菌，筛选出具有拮抗和促生功能的优良菌株。
    方法 分别采用组织匀浆法、平板对峙法和选择培养法等对薰衣草种子的内生菌进行分离与纯化，筛选对植物病原真菌具有拮抗作用、对玉米具有促生作用的多功能菌株，通过形态学、生理生化特征和16S rRNA基因鉴定其种类，并开展玉米种子萌发和试管苗促生实验。
    结果 从薰衣草种子中共分离出85株内生细菌，其中菌株T2-29初步鉴定为Paenibacillus polymyxa，其对甜瓜枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum）等6种植物病原真菌表现出较强的抑菌活性，并具备解有机磷、解钾、固氮、产嗜铁素、产蛋白酶、产纤维素酶以及分泌IAA的能力。菌株T2-29分解有机磷的量为3.19 mg/L，产IAA的量为5.42 mg/L，产嗜铁素UP值为3.63，产蛋白酶UP值为8.04，产纤维素酶UP值为8.30。此外，与对照相比，接种T2-29菌株使得玉米种子发芽率提高了3.7%，并显著促进了玉米植株生长，玉米茎长、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、地上干重、地下干重分别增加30.3%、32.5%、37.4%、21.1%和9.9%；T2-29处理的玉米地下部根总长、根表面积、根系体积、平均直径分别增加11.0%、11.7%、11.6%和1.6%。
    结论 薰衣草种子内生菌T2-29是一株优良的拮抗和促生功能菌株，其促进玉米种子萌发及生长发育，也为微生物菌肥的开发应用提供优质菌源及理论依据。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective This study aims to isolate endophytic bacteria from lavender seeds cultivated in Yili, Xinjiang province, with a focus on screening for strains exhibiting both antagonistic properties against plant pathogens and plant growth-promoting properties.
    Methods Employing tissue homogenization method, we isolated endophytic bacteria from lavender seeds. We then identified strains that displayed antagonism towards plant pathogenic fungi and growth-promoting effects on maize using plate standoff and selective medium methods. The strains were identified through morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, complemented by the phylogeny of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The impact of these bacteria on maize seed germination and seedling growth was evaluated.
    Results A total of 85 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from lavender seeds. Strain T2-29, identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa, demonstrated strong inhibitory effects against six plant pathogenic fungi, including Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of melon wilt. This strain also showed capabilities in solubilizing phytate phosphorus and potassium, as well as producing protease, cellulase, siderophore and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Strain T2-29 solubilized 3.19 mg/L of organic phosphorus and produced 5.42 mg/L of IAA, with siderophore UP values of 3.63, protease UP values of 8.04, and cellulase UP values of 8.30. Inoculation with strain T2-29 led to a 3.7% increase in maize seed germination rate and significantly enhanced the growth of maize seedlings. The length of maize stems, above-ground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, above-ground dry weight, and underground dry weight increased by 30.3%, 32.5%, 37.4%, 21.1%, and 9.9%, respectively. Moreover, the root length, root surface area, root system volume, and average root diameter of maize plants inoculated with T2-29 increased by 11.0%, 11.7%, 11.6%, and 1.6%, respectively.
    Conclusion The endophytic bacterium T2-29, isolated from lavender seeds, is an exceptional strain with both antagonistic and plant growth-promoting functions. It not only stimulates the germination and growth of maize but also serves as a high-quality microbial resource and provides a theoretical foundation for the development and application of microbial fertilizers.

     

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