伊犁河谷耐密高产玉米品种筛选

Screening of dense-tolerant and high-yielding maize varieties in the Yili River Valley

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 筛选出适合在伊犁河谷种植的耐密、高产玉米品种。
    方法 在伊犁河谷中部伊犁哈萨克自治州伊宁县设置26个玉米品种、东部新疆生产建设兵团第四师71团设置7个玉米品种，种植密度为12×104株/hm2，对各玉米品种生育期、农艺性状、叶面积指数、生物量及产量性状等进行比较。
    结果 远科105、金粒1085、广宇3号、S8006和陕单660产量较高，分别为20 767.5、20 593.5、19 581.0、19 516.5、19 363.5 kg/hm2，其中S8006、陕单660穗位系数较低，分别为31.0%、31.3%金粒1085和陕单660空秆率显著低于其余品种，分别为3.9%、2.2%；广宇3号吐丝期叶面积指数最高；远科105、金粒1085、广宇3号在生长前期发育较快，拔节期单株干物质积累量远高于其他品种；金粒1085收获指数最高。
    结论 综合分析各玉米品种生育期、农艺性状、叶面积指数、生物量及产量性状等指标，远科105、金粒1085、广宇3号、S8006和陕单660这5个玉米新品种在伊犁河谷表现出较好的增产潜力，值得进一步推广利用。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To screen for dense-tolerant and high-yielding maize varieties suitable for cultivation in the Yili River Valley.
    Methods Twenty-six maize varieties were planted in Yining County (central Yili River Valley) and seven varieties in the 71st Regiment (eastern Yili River Valley) at a density of 12×104 plants/hm2. Growth period, agronomic traits, leaf area index, biomass, and yield traits were compared.
    Results Yuanke 105, Jinli 1085, Guangyu No.3, S8006, and Shandan 660 showed high yields of 20 767.5, 20 593.5, 19 581.0, 19 516.5, and 19 363.5 plants/hm2, respectively. S8006 and Shandan 660 had low ear height coefficients, at 31.0% and 31.3%, respectively. Jinli 1085 and Shandan 660 had significantly lower barren stem rates (3.9% and 2.2%). Guangyu No.3 had the highest leaf area index at silking. Yuanke 105, Jinli 1085, and Guangyu No.3 developed faster at early stages, with higher dry matter accumulation per plant at jointing. Jinli 1085 had the highest harvest index (0.6).
    Conclusion Comprehensive analysis indicates that Yuanke 105, Jinli 1085, Guangyu No.3, S8006, and Shandan 660 have good yield potential and are worthy of further promotion in the Yili River Valley.

     

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