海藻糖浸种对不同灌水量下棉花叶片生理及产量的影响

Effects of trehalose seed soaking on cotton leaf physiology and yield under different irrigation amounts

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨海藻糖种子浸种对棉花在不同灌水条件下缓解干旱胁迫的作用及其机制，为提高棉花抗旱性提供科学依据。
    方法 以中棉113为试验材料，设0、10、15、20 mmol/L海藻糖浸种，结合常规灌水和中度干旱胁迫处理，测定棉花生长发育、生理指标及产量。
    结果 在干旱胁迫下，15 mmol/L海藻糖浸种显著提高蕾期株高（24.5%，P<0.05）和花期茎粗（21.8%，P<0.05）；显著降低现蕾期、盛花期及盛铃末期叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量（1.9%~35.3%，P<0.05），增加超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性（1.6%~10.1%，P<0.05）及脯氨酸（Pro）含量（13.1%~45.5%，P<0.05）；生物量积累增加30.8%，库器官生物量分配比例提高11.9%，单株结铃数和籽棉产量较对照显著增加60.8%。
    结论 15 mmol/L海藻糖为最优浸种浓度，能显著缓解干旱胁迫对棉花生长的抑制，提高生物量积累、抗氧化能力及产量，增强棉花抗旱性。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of trehalose seed soaking in alleviating drought stress in cotton under different irrigation conditions, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving cotton drought resistance.
    Methods Using Zhongmian 113 as the test material, seeds were soaked with trehalose at concentrations of 0, 10, 15, and 20 mmol/L, combined with conventional irrigation and moderate drought stress treatments. Cotton growth and development, physiological indices, and yield were measured.
    Results Under drought stress, 15 mmol/L trehalose soaking significantly increased plant height at the squaring stage (by 24.5%, P<0.05) and stem diameter at the flowering stage (by 21.8%, P<0.05). It reduced leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 1.9% - 35.3% (P<0.05), enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 1.6% - 10.1% (P<0.05), and elevated proline (Pro) content by 13.1% - 45.5% (P<0.05) at the squaring, full flowering, and late full boll stages. Biomass accumulation increased by 30.8%, the biomass distribution ratio of sink organs rose by 11.9%, and the number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield both increased significantly by 60.8% compared with the control.
    Conclusion Trehalose at 15 mmol/L is the optimal soaking concentration, which can significantly alleviate the inhibition of drought stress on cotton growth, improve biomass accumulation, antioxidant capacity and yield, and enhance cotton drought resistance.

     

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