砧木‘青砧1号’与库尔勒香梨嫁接亲和力研究

Study on grafting affinity between rootstock 'Qingzhen 1' and Korla Fragrant Pear

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 为明确‘青砧1号’与库尔勒香梨嫁接愈合的机制，本研究分析了其嫁接口的组织结构和生理特性变化过程，对库尔勒香梨嫁接苗木的生产具有重要的指导意义。
    方法 以‘青砧1号’和‘杜梨1号’3年生实生苗为砧木，以库尔勒香梨1年生枝为穗条，采用枝接嫁接技术，枝接后取嫁接结合部位组织进行解剖结构的显微镜观察和分析，并测定嫁接愈合部位上下各5～10 cm处采集的叶片样本的全氮、全磷、全钾含量，IAA含量和过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）等生理酶指标活性，与未嫁接的‘青砧1号’和杜梨（CK）同样部位的各指标进行对比。
    结果 嫁接后‘青砧1号’‘杜梨1号’嫁接口出现“大小脚”现象，砧穗紧密连接。各生理指标变化存在显著差异。嫁接后‘青砧1号’接穗叶片中IAA、SOD、CAT、全氮含量平均值小于‘杜梨1号’，但总酚、POD、全磷、全钾含量平均值大于‘杜梨1号’。
    结论 嫁接后‘杜梨1号’与库尔勒香梨的亲和性更高，但‘青砧1号’与库尔勒香梨组合抗病性更好。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To clarify the mechanism of graft union healing between the rootstock 'Qingzhen 1' and Korla fragrant pear, this study analyzed the changes in tissue structure and physiological characteristics at the graft union. The findings provide important guidance for the production of grafted Korla fragrant pear nursery stock.
    Methods Take 'Qingzhen 1' and 'Duli 1' 3-year-old seedlings as rootstock, take 1-year-old branch of Korla balsam pear as spike, adopt branch grafting technology, take the tissue of the grafted part after branch grafting for anatomical structure microscope observation and analysis, and measure the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, IAA content and peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and other physiological enzyme activity. The results showed that after grafting, the 'Grafted' plants were more active than the others.
    Results After grafting, 'Qingzhen 1' and 'Duli 1' showed 'big and small feet' phenomenon at the grafting interface, with close connection between the scion and rootstock. There were significant differences in physiological indicators. The average values of IAA, SOD, CAT, and total nitrogen in the leaf tissue of 'Qingzhen 1' graft were smaller than those of 'Duli 1', but the average values of total phenol, POD, total phosphorus, and total potassium were greater than those of 'Duli 1'.
    Conclusion After grafting, 'Duli 1' has a higher affinity with Korla Fragrant Pear, but 'Qingzhen 1' has better disease resistance when combined with Korla Fragrent Pear.

     

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