甜菜黄萎病菌生物学特性及16种杀菌剂的毒力比较

Study on Biological properties of Verticillium and Virulence Comparison of 16 Fungicides

  • 摘要: 【目的】 研究甜菜黄萎病菌生物学特性,比较16种杀菌剂的毒力,分析其病原菌特性,为病害防治提供依据。 【方法】 采用菌丝生长速率法,测定该病原菌主要生物学特性,并比较16种杀菌剂毒力。 【结果】 该病原菌生长较适宜的培养基为查氏培养基;生长温度为5 ~ 35 ℃,最适温度为25 ~ 30 ℃,菌丝致死温度为57 ℃;最适碳氮源为乳糖和硝酸钾;pH值4.0 ~ 11.0均可生长,碱性环境下生长较快,在pH值11.0时生长最快,对偏酸性环境也较为耐受;在24 h全光照下生长最好。16种供试药剂均对病原菌有明显不同的抑制效果;40%多菌灵和450 g/L咪鲜胺对病原菌的抑制作用极强,EC50值分别为0.089 1和0.91 mg/L;30%噁霉灵、30%苯甲丙环唑、1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐次之(EC50:100 ~ 155 mg/L)。 【结论】 甜菜黄萎病菌菌丝生长最适温度范围为25 ~ 30 ℃,喜碱耐酸,全光照下生长最好;40%多菌灵、450 g/L咪鲜胺和30%噁霉灵等对病原菌有极强或较强的抑菌作用,可作为田间防病的首选。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 Study on biological properties of Verticillium and virulence comparison of 16 fungicides. To clarify the pathogen characteristics, and then to provide a basis for disease prevention and control. 【Methods】 This study determined the main biological properties by myphal growth rate of the pathogen and conducted virulence comparison of 16 fungicides. 【Results】 The pathogen was Char medium; growth temperature range of 5-35 ℃, 25-30 ℃, 57 ℃; optimal carbon and nitrogen sources are lactose and potassium nitrate; pH 4.0-11.0, fastest at pH 11.0 and tolerant to partial acidic environment and best under full light at 24 h. The virulence results showed that 16 agents had significantly different inhibitory effects; 40% and 450 g/L were strong, with EC50 values of 0.0891 mg/L and 0.91 mg/L respectively; 30% oxamycin, 30% phenylpropylene azole, 1.8% simamide acetate(EC50:100-155 mg/L). 【Conclusion】 The optimal temperature range of malticillium is 25-30℃, acid resistance and the best growth under full light; 40% mycelic, 450 g/L fresh amine and 30% oxamycin have a strong or strong antibacterial effect on pathogens, which can be used as the first choice in field disease prevention test.

     

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