不同鲜食玉米品种(系)农艺性状与产量的比较分析

Comparative analysis of agronomic traits and yield of different fresh corn varieties (series)

  • 摘要: 【目的】 比较分析黑龙江不同鲜食玉米品种(系)的农艺性状与产量,为黑龙江省鲜食玉米主产区优质品种选择提供参考。 【方法】 收集69个鲜食玉米品种,通过方差、主成分和聚类分析比较17个农艺性状和产量。 【结果】 京彩甜糯的生育期最长(115 d),丝甜7的生育期最短(88 d);N-2022-212的株高最高(331 cm),美珍209的株高最矮(196.7 cm);京彩甜糯的穗位高最高(166.4 cm),丝甜7的穗位高最低(39.6 cm);密甜糯1号的茎粗最粗(3.5 cm);N-2022-207-4的穗长最长(24.34 cm),粘娃娃800的穗长最短(14.7 cm);白甜糯708、雪糯2号等36个品种无秃尖;N-2022-213的穗行数最多(22行);N-2022-207-4的行粒数最多(50.2粒);万黑糯109的穗重最大(640.6 g),粘娃娃700的穗重最小(182.3 g);万黑糯109的产量最高(27 865 kg/hm2)。提取出5个主成分及综合得分模型;将69个鲜食玉米品种分为5个类群。 【结论】 综合农艺性状排名前10的品种(系)分别为N-2022-215、万黑糯109、密甜糯1号、N-2022-204、N-2022-207-4、万糯188、斯达糯51、必达荣宪和、京彩甜糯和必达荣本初;第Ⅳ类群为高产品种,其中万黑糯109产量最高,适合满足大穗型鲜食玉米需求的种植。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 Comparative analysis of agronomic traits and yield of different fresh corn varieties (series) in Heilongjiang,in order to provide support for the selection of high-quality varieties in the main production areas of fresh corn. 【Methods】 In this experiment, 17 agronomic traits and yield of 69 varieties of fresh corn were compared by variance analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. 【Results】 The results showed that the growth period of Jingcaitiannuo was the longest (115 days), and that of Sitian 7 was the shortest (88 days). The plant height of N-2022-212 was the highest (331 cm), while the plant height of Meizhen 209 was the lowest (196.7 cm). The ear height of Jingcaitiannuo was the highest (166.4 cm), while the ear height of Sitian 7 was the lowest (39.6 cm). The stem of Mitiannuo 1 was the thickest (3.5 cm). The ear length of N-2022-207-4 was the longest (24.34 cm), while the ear length of sticky Doll 800 was the shortest (14.7 cm). 36 varieties including Baitiannuo 708 and Xuenuo 2 were of non- bald-rip type. The number of rows per ear of N-2022-213 was the highest(22 rows). The number of kernels per row of N-2022-207-4 was the highest (50.2 grains). The ear weight of Wanheinuo 109 was the largest (640.6 g), while the ear weight of Sticky Doll 700 was the smallest (182.3 g). The yield of Wanheinuo 109 was the highest(27,865 kg/hm2). 5 principal components and a comprehensive score model were exacted by principal component analysis, and 69 fresh corn varieties were divided into 5 groups by cluster analysis. 【Conclusion】 The top 10 varieties in terms of comprehensive agronomic traits are N-2022-215, Wanheinuo 109, Mitiannuo 1, N-2022-204, N-2022-207-4, Wannuo 188, Sidanuo 51, Bidarongxianhe, Jingcaitiannuo, and Bidarongbenchu. Cluster IV is a high-yielding group, in which the yield of Wanheinuo 109 is the highest that can meet the demand of planting large-eared fresh corn.

     

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