Abstract:
【Objective】 Comparative analysis of agronomic traits and yield of different fresh corn varieties (series) in Heilongjiang,in order to provide support for the selection of high-quality varieties in the main production areas of fresh corn.
【Methods】 In this experiment, 17 agronomic traits and yield of 69 varieties of fresh corn were compared by variance analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis.
【Results】 The results showed that the growth period of Jingcaitiannuo was the longest (115 days), and that of Sitian 7 was the shortest (88 days). The plant height of N-2022-212 was the highest (331 cm), while the plant height of Meizhen 209 was the lowest (196.7 cm). The ear height of Jingcaitiannuo was the highest (166.4 cm), while the ear height of Sitian 7 was the lowest (39.6 cm). The stem of Mitiannuo 1 was the thickest (3.5 cm). The ear length of N-2022-207-4 was the longest (24.34 cm), while the ear length of sticky Doll 800 was the shortest (14.7 cm). 36 varieties including Baitiannuo 708 and Xuenuo 2 were of non- bald-rip type. The number of rows per ear of N-2022-213 was the highest(22 rows). The number of kernels per row of N-2022-207-4 was the highest (50.2 grains). The ear weight of Wanheinuo 109 was the largest (640.6 g), while the ear weight of Sticky Doll 700 was the smallest (182.3 g). The yield of Wanheinuo 109 was the highest(27,865 kg/hm
2). 5 principal components and a comprehensive score model were exacted by principal component analysis, and 69 fresh corn varieties were divided into 5 groups by cluster analysis.
【Conclusion】 The top 10 varieties in terms of comprehensive agronomic traits are N-2022-215, Wanheinuo 109, Mitiannuo 1, N-2022-204, N-2022-207-4, Wannuo 188, Sidanuo 51, Bidarongxianhe, Jingcaitiannuo, and Bidarongbenchu. Cluster IV is a high-yielding group, in which the yield of Wanheinuo 109 is the highest that can meet the demand of planting large-eared fresh corn.