Abstract: 【 Objective 】The issue that quality of raw cotton in Xinjiang has deteriorated is becoming increasingly prominent with the rapid expansion of the machine-harvested cotton areas in Xinjiang. It is necessary to research the overall status and variation trends of the machine-harvested cotton quality in Xinjiang, explore technical approaches to improve its quality, and thereby provide theoretical and technical support for the high-quality development of Xinjiang cotton.【 Methods 】Guided by the notarized inspection data of raw cotton quality in Xinjiang over past years, this study analyzes the trends in quality grading of raw cotton during the mechanized harvesting transition, focusing on the Xinjiang divisions in both North and South Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps（XPCC）, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regin（XUAR）, and the entire Xinjiang. 【 Results 】The widespread adoption of machine-harvested cotton has significantly impacted the percentage of high-quality raw cotton（≥29.0 mm, ≥29.0 cN/tex, micronaire value 3.7-4.2）, showing a trend of initial decline followed by an increase. When the proportion of machine-harvested cotton in the XPCC and XUAR was below 60% and 20%, respectively, the harvesting technology was not yet mature, leading to a decline in the percentage of high-quality raw cotton by 25.7%-49.3%. However, when the proportion exceeded 60% in the XPCC and 20% in XUAR, the percentage of high-quality raw cotton stabilized. During the promotion of machine-harvested cotton, the fiber length and breaking strength of raw cotton in Northern Xinjiang were significantly higher than those in Southern Xinjiang by 0.1-1.0 mm and 0.8-1.8 cN/tex, respectively.【 Conclusion 】 The quality grades of raw cotton, particularly the proportion of high-quality raw cotton, have affected by the popularization and application of machine-harvested cotton in Xinjiang to a certain extent. Importantly, as the technology matured, the share of all quality grades of Xinjiang raw cotton tend to stabilize.