Objective To clarify the population dynamics, as well as the spatial distribution of eggs and larvae of Tuta absoluta in open tomato fields of Urumqi, and analyze key factors driving population fluctuations, so as to provide basic experimental data for the integrated management of this pest in local regions.
Methods From July 6 to September 30, 2024, blue sticky traps combined with sex pheromone lures were deployed for continuous field monitoring in open tomato plots and adjacent solanaceous crop fields. Adult population dynamics and meteorological data were recorded synchronously. The "V-shaped" sampling method was adopted to investigate the vertical distribution of eggs and larvae on plants.
Results Multiple environmental factors regulated the population of Tuta absoluta in open tomato plots, among which field air temperature exerted the most prominent effect. Sustained high temperatures from July to August inhibited the growth and development of the pest and slowed population growth; when the temperature stabilized at 20–28 ℃ in September, the pest population increased rapidly. On tomato and neighboring solanaceous plants, eggs were distributed in the order upper layer > middle layer > lower layer, while larvae followed the pattern middle layer > upper layer > lower layer. Such vertical distribution characteristics were closely associated with host physicochemical traits, field temperature and natural enemies.
Conclusion This experiment clarified the seasonal occurrence regularity and vertical spatial distribution pattern of Tuta absoluta in open tomato plots of Urumqi. Under the test conditions, air temperature was significantly correlated with population fluctuation and served as a core environmental factor affecting pest dynamics. The findings can supply practical data support for green integrated pest management of Tuta absoluta in similar open tomato producing areas across Xinjiang.
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