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The Seasonal Dynamics of Main Nutrients' Content and Sugar Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Kernel of Walnut Varieties with Different Oil Contents ZHANG Cui-fang;PAN Cun-de;CHEN Hong;SHI Yan-jiang 2017, 54(4): 589-596.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1264KB) ( )   [Objective] Through the analysis of seasonal dynamics of crude fat content, crude protein content and soluble sugar content and the activities of enzymes related with sugar metabolism in the kernel of walnut varieties with different oil contents, this study aimed at understanding the relationship between oil content and nutrition metabolism and having a deep insight into the metabolism of oil synthesis in walnut kernel.[Method]Walnut varieties with high oil content (Juglans.regia'Xinfeng'and J.regia'Wen185') and walnut varieties with low oil content (J.regia'Xinzaofeng', J.regia'Zha 343'and J.regia'Xinxin2') were used as the experimental materials.In the developmental process of walnut fruit, the walnut kernels with different oil contents were sampled to measure the content of crude fat, crude protein and soluble sugar, and the activities of enzymes related with sugar metabolism.[Result]120-150 days after flowering (DAF), there was a significant difference in crude fat content in kernel among different walnut varieties (P<0.05).60 DAF, the soluble sugar content in walnut varieties with high oil content was significantly higher than that in walnut varieties with low oil content (P<0.05).120-150 DAF, the soluble sugar content in walnut varieties with high oil content was significantly lower than that in walnut varieties with low oil content (P<0.05).There was no regular difference in crude protein content in kernel between walnut varieties with different oil content.30-60 DAF, the activities of AI and NI in the walnut varieties with high oil content were significantly lower than those in the walnut varieties with lower oil content (P<0.05).120-150 DAF, the activity of SPS in walnut varieties with high oil content was significantly higher than that in low oil content varieties (P<0.05).But there was no regular difference in the activity of SS in kernel between walnut varieties with different oil contents.[Conclusion]The oil synthesis in the walnut kernel is neither dependent on the early accumulation of soluble sugar in the kernel nor dependent on protein metabolism, but the low activities of NI and AI in kernel during the early stage of walnut fruit development and the high activities of SPS during later stage are conducive to the oil synthesis.

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Effects of GA3 on Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality of Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris YANG Wen-li;ZHOU Wei-quan;ZHAO Shi-rong;CHENG Gong;DONG Sheng-li;ZHANG Shi-kui;LIAO Kang 2017, 54(4): 597-604.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1242KB) ( )   [Objective] To explore the effects of different concentrations of GA3 on Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris fruit setting and quality and lay the foundation for the cultivation and regulation of Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris fruit.[Method]Taking Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris as the research object, 40 mg/L, 90 mg/L and 140 mg/L concentrations of GA3 were sprayed at full flowering stage and 20 d after anthesis.The fruit setting rate was analyzed 20 d after flowering, fruit vertical diameter, transverse diameter, lateral diameter and single fruit weight were measured regularly, the fruit quality was determined after the fruit ripening.[Result]GA3 treatment significantly increased the fruit setting rate, and the fruit vertical, horizontal and lateral size effectively, but the quality of the fruit has been reduced.90 mg/L GA3 significantly increased the fruit set, an increase of 117.32; compared to the CK.After the treatment of 40 mg/L and 90 mg/L GA3, the effect of fruit enlargement was positively correlated with the concentration of GA3.When the concentration reached 140 mg/L, the phenomenon of fruit enlargement was not obvious.[Conclusion]The 90mg/L concentration of GA3 could effectively improve the yield of fruit, which could be used to control the growth and development of Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris.

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Physiological Response of Lycium bararum L.Seedling to NaCl and Na2CO3 Stres QI Yan-qiao;SUN Jing-fang;ZHAO Shi-rong;LI Yong;WANG Jian-you;WANG Qin;LIAO Kang 2017, 54(4): 605-617.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3015KB) ( )   [Objective] The present study aims to understand the salt tolerance of two kinds of Chinese wolfberry seedling and provide the theoretical basis for the large-scale popularization and the utilization of saline-alkali land and sandy wasteland of Chinese wolfberry.[Method]Using the seedlings of Lycium ruthenicum and Lycium barbarum as test materials, watered with NaCl and Na2CO3 solution to study the effects of salt stress on seedlings physiological characteristics of Lycium bararum L.[Result]The results showed that with the increase of NaCl and Na2CO3 concentration, the cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, proline and soluble sugar content increased significantly in different time points, Soluble protein content and SOD, POD, CAT enzyme activity showed an upward trend in the early stage of treatment (10 d-30 d), the later treatment showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing t (40 d-50 d).With the increase of NaCl and Na2CO3 processing days, under the same salt concentration, the cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, proline and soluble sugar content increased significantly, the soluble protein content and SOD, POD enzyme activity showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the activity of CAT enzyme showed a downward trend.The effects of Na2CO3 stress on seedling were more significant than that of NaCl stress, the change trend of Lycium chincnse Ningqi 7 was higher than Lycium chincnse Heiqi 1, and with the increase of treatment concentration and treatment days, the degree of injury was increased significantly.[Conclusion]Under the stresses of NaCl and Na2CO3 in the two varieties Chinese wolfberry, malondialdehyde, proline, soluble sugar and the activity of antioxidant enzyme SOD are more sensitive and could be used as the main index to evaluate the salt tolerance of Lycium barbarum.In addition, the seedlings of Lycium chincnse Heiqi 1 and Lycium chincnse Ningqi 7 reached the threshold value at 1.2 mol/L and 1.0 mol/L and the limit value of salt tolerance at 1.5 mol/L under the stress of NaCl, while reached the threshold value at 0.2 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L and the limit value of salt tolerance at 0.5 and 0.4 mol/L under the stress of Na2CO3, which implicated that Lycium chincnse Heiqi 1 had the stronger salt tolerance than Lycium chincnse Ningqi 7, and the effect of Na2CO3 on the seedlings of Chinese wolfberry was significantly greater than that of NaCl.

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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Wild Jujube Resistance Physiological Indexes in Different Producing Areas under the Condition of Drought Stress ZHENG Qiang-qing;LI Peng-cheng;CHEN Qi-ling;WANG Jing-jing 2017, 54(4): 618-625.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1305KB) ( )   [Objective] To compare the differences of drought-resistant ability in different origin wild jujubes in order to provide the theoretical basis for filtrating admirable rootstock and breeding new varieties of jujube.[Method]Using method of field persistent drought resistance in 15 kinds of different origin wild jujubes, through the test of 1 year old leaf physiological indexes, and then converted into the index of drought resistance, and then further converted into membership function value, finally the index membership average value was taken as the comprehensive evaluation standards of the drought resistance of wild jujube.[Result]It was found that 6.7 percent of the 15 kinds of different origin wild jujube belonged to the stronger drought resistance, 53.3 percent belonged to secondary drought resistance, 33.3 percent belonged to the lower drought resistance.In the osmotic regulators and physiological indexes of jujube antioxidant enzyme, proline and SOD in any conditions could be used to evaluate drought resistance of plants or as identification index.[Conclusion]The wild jujube in Yi County of Hebei Province (HB1) has quite strong drought resistance, followed by those in Qingjian and Mizhi County in Shanxi Province.

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Effect of Compound Reagent "M" and PBO on the Yield and Fruit Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear Yusan Kurban;Muhtar Zari;Qiman Yunus;QIN Wei-ming 2017, 54(4): 626-633.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1321KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to compare the effects of compound reagent "M" and PBO on calyx dropping rate, fruit setting rate and fruit quality index of Korla fragrant pear in order to provide application technology and theoretical basis for its high yield, good quality and sustainable development.[Method]The Korla fragrant pear at full-bloom stage was used as test materials to determine the calyx dropping rate, fruit setting rate and fruit quality treated with different concentrations of compound reagent "M" and PBO.[Result]The calyx dropping rate, fruit setting rate and fruit quality of Korla fragrant pear were significantly increased after spraying different concentrations of compound reagent "M" and PBO, among which, the M1 treatment had the most significant effect, its non-calyx fruit rate, fruit setting rate of flower were 83.3; and 11.7;, 42.1; and 4.8; respectively higher than those of the CK (control), 18.4; and 2.6; respectively higher than those by PBO treatment;The anthocyanin and chlorophyll contents of M1 treatment were the highest, which were significantly higher than those by PBO treatments, but its carotenoid content was the lowest;Compared with CK, VC content, sugar content, soluble solid content and solid acid ratio of Korla fragrant pear were significantly increased than those by both PBO and M1 treatments, but Tannin content and titratable acid content were significantly decreased.Among them the M1 treatment had a significantly higher sucrose and total sugar content than the PBO treatment.The fructose content was significantly higher than that of PBO treatment and its tannin content was significantly lower than that of PBO treatment, and there was no significant difference among other fruit quality indexes.[Conclusion]The compound reagent M1 sprayed at full-bloom stage can significantly increase the non-calyx fruit rate, fruit setting rate and fruit quality, which has popularization value in production of high yield and good quality of Korla Fragrant Pear.

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Research on Water Production Function and Sensitive Indexes Based on Jujube Jensen Model WANG Ze-yu;MA Xiao-peng;LIU Guo-hong;XIE Xiang-wen 2017, 54(4): 634-638.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1083KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to research the effect of water deficit on the yield of jujube in different growth stages under drip irrigation, and to determine the water sensitivity index of each growth period, and to determine the critical water requirement period.[Method]This paper analyzed the relationship between water consumption and yield, and the effect of water deficit on yield in different growth stages.Based on the relationship between jujube yield and water consumption in different growth stages, the water production function based on Jensen model was established.[Result]Jujube water sensitive indexes (bud and leaf 0.089;flowering stage 0.324;fruit enlargement period 0.392;mature period 0.068) were determined.[Conclusion]The fruit enlargement period is the critical period of water requirement, and water deficit during the germination and mature stage has little effect on the fruit yield.

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Study on the Biological Characteristics of Flowering and the Fruit Setting of Pollination of Cherry HAN Li-qun;MA Kai;Klim Imin;YAN Peng;MEI Chuang;WANG Ji-xun 2017, 54(4): 639-644.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1037KB) ( )   [Objective] This project aims to study the biological characteristics of flowering and the fruit setting of pollination of the introduced cherry in Southern Xinjiang in the hope of providing a scientific reference for the selection of species and cultivation process in this area.[Method]The Central Asian and domestic cherries introduced as the research object,through the investigation and artificial pollination method to investigate and determine the flowering phenology and fruit setting rate characteristics of self pollination and natural pollination and different combinations of pollination.[Result]The flowering phenology of cherry varieties was the same, and the cherry in Central Asia was 2-4 days earlier than that of sweet cherry, and the pollen of Central Asia cherry still maintained high viability after 4 D of collection.Self pollination fruit setting rate of the tested varieties was low.Except'Labins'and'Red light',they all belonged to self sterile types.The tested varieties of natural seed setting rate was higher, in addition to "Samit", the fruit setting rate was higher than 20;, and the Central Asian natural cherry pollination and fruit setting rates were above 35;.Cherry pollination combination in Central Asia cherry'YT07-2-1'and'YT07-2-2'as male parent, the fruit setting rate was high.The Central Asian cherry 3 varieties as male parent,'Rabins' as female parent, the fruit setting rate were all more than 25;.[Conclusion]The fruit setting rate of'YT07-2-1','YT07-2-2'natural pollination and cross pollination were high,and'Labins'could be used as a common pollination type.Therefore, cherry cultivation in Southern Xinjiang, from the analysis of pollination and fruit setting angle, it is suggested to select'YT07-2-1'or'YT07-2-2'and'Rabins' combination of cultivars for pollination collocation.

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Preliminary Study on Polyploid Induction of Xinjiang Lavender LIAO Qing;Marhaba Wsman;SHA Hong;GAO Yan;GONG Song-wang;LIAO Zhi-li 2017, 54(4): 645-651.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1366KB) ( )   [Objective] The polyploid plants will be induced by tissue culture seedlings of C-197, which is the main cultivar of Xinjiang lavender, and the rapid propagation system of polyploid plants will be established, the research aims to explore the effective ways of Xinjiang lavender germplasm resources innovation technology and provide the technical support for the Xinjiang lavender industry.[Method]The optimal strains of C-197 tissue-cultured plantlets were taken as the testing material, polyploid plants were induced on polyploid induction medium MS+1 mg/L 6-BA+2; DMSO + different concentrations of colchicine.Different time treatments causing polyploidy in different concentrations of colchicines were compared, thus determining the suitable concentration and time for C-197 polyploid colchicine concentration and treatment time.[Result]Xinjiang lavender C-197 optimum strains of aseptic seedlings can make its seedlings to produce polyploid after 48-72 h explanted on induction medium MS+1 mg/L6-BA+2; DMSO +0.2;-0.4; colchicines.[Conclusion]Using the test method of inducing polyploid plants from tissue-cultured plantlets of optimal strains of C-197 can quickly realize the lavender polyploid plant new variety breeding, shorten the breeding period, improve and promote the Xinjiang lavender quality seedlings breeding rate and germplasm innovation work.

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Isolation, Identification and Screening of Endophyte Fingicides for Disease Control during Tissue Culture of German Irises HAN Hong-wei;LIAO Qing;Marbaha Wsman;WANG Hao;ZHUANG Hong-mei;WANG Qiang;SHA Hong 2017, 54(4): 652-659.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1193KB) ( )   [Objective] During tissue culture of German irises, Endophytic bacteria pollution is the key problem of restricting them for rapid propagation factory nursery.For that reason, this project aims to segregate and identify endophytic bacteria that might lead to tissue culture explants pollution, and the inhibition of 6 kinds of commonly used agents on the strain effect will be compared so as to select the best preventive agent.That will provide a scientific basis for effective control of endophytic bacteria pollution during its rapid propagation.[Method]The strain (115325) has been segregated and purified using NA medium and the endophytic bacteria were been classified and identified by morphology observation, physiological and biochemical test, and 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis.Inhibitory effects of 6 kinds of commonly used chemicals on the tested strains were determined by the method of paper disc bacteriostatic circle.[Result]The strain (115325) of morphology characteristics and physiological and biochemical indicators were basically the same as Staphylococcus epidermidis.The results of 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis showed that the strain and saccharolyticus(L37602) had mostly close relation in the evolution, belonging to the same phylogenetic branch.And S.staphylococcus epidermidis had the highest homology, at 99.86;.Indoor medicament screening results showed that the cephalosporins and gentamicin had the strongest inhibitory effect on strains.[Conclusion]The comprehensive analysis results of morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, 115325 strains have been identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis.Cephalosporin and gentamicin can be used as the preferred agents to inhibit endophytic bacterial contamination of the German iris plantlets.

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Effects of Complex Acidic Materials Application on the Growth of Maize, Soil pH and Available P in Calcareous Soil under Drip Irrigation HUANG Zhi-hua;WANG Juan;LI Yan-yan;HOU Jian-wei;LI Liu-ren;WEI Chang-zhou 2017, 54(4): 660-666.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1223KB) ( )   [Objective] The project aims to study the effect of different ratios of acidic materials (ammonium sulfate and urea phosphate) applied to calcareous soil through drip irrigation on soil pH and P availability maize plant growth and P uptake.[Method][Result]The results showed that different ratios of acidic materials under drip irrigation decreased the regional soil pH significantly, and acidification effect tended to rise with the increase of the acidulant application, and in the sixth application, it reached the peak.The largest decrease of soil pH was 0.35.And different ratios of acidic materials significantly increased available P content.Under the uniform nutrient inputs and management level, the results showed that application of different of ratios of acidic materials improved maize biomass and increased P accumulation of plant.P accumulation of different ratios of acidic materials was increased by 29.86;,15.06; and 11.52; respectively compared with CK, and maize yield increased 7.72;-10.58;.[Conclusion]Applying different ratios of acidic materials can improve nutrient availability and crop yield in calcareous soil and it is an effective method.

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Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of Soil Nutrient Accumulation in Wheat of Different Drip Irrigation Years QIAO Jiang-fei;LAI Ning;GENG Qing-long;LI Ya-li;LI Yuan;YANG Hao;CHEN Shu-huang 2017, 54(4): 667-674.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1610KB) ( )   [Objective] In this study, drip irrigation wheat farmland soil for 1 years, 3 years and 5 years was taken as the research object to analyze spatial and temporal distribution of nutrient transport in different positions of drip irrigation belt.[Method]Based on the collection of soil profile samples, combined with continuous monitoring and statistical analysis, the temporal and spatial variations of soil nutrient accumulation were studied.[Result]The soil nutrients in different soil layers of different drip irrigation years showed moderate intensity variation.Some of the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus showed weak variability.Coefficient varied between 7.68;-45.6;.In the vertical direction, the content of available nutrients in the soil, except for available potassium, the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus decreased gradually from the surface to the bottom.In the horizontal direction, soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium showed obvious variation in different drip irrigation years, and most of the differences were significant, and most of the nutrient contents presented a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the distance from the drip irrigation belt.[Conclusion]The spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients in winter wheat under drip irrigation can provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization and crop growth.

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Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer on the Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield in Maize under High Planting Density DING Bian-hong;WU Xin-ming;CHEN Jiang-lu;ZHANG Xiao-wei;YANG Jing-jing;ZHAO Zhan-sheng 2017, 54(4): 675-681.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1386KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to discuss the effect of phosphorus fertilizer on the characteristics of yield and nutrient uptake in maize.[Method]The split block design was used to analyze the effect of different P2O5 quantities on the dry matter accumulation and yield in maize, and further explore the relationship between yield and phosphorus application under high density planting and fertigation.[Result]The results indicated that with the increase of phosphorus application, the maize yield and stem diameter showed a parabolic trend.The dry matter accumulation was increased with the maize development, which was slowly accumulated from elongation stage to bell stage and rapidly accumulated from bell stage forward.Under 187.5 kg/hm2 phosphorus application, the leaf area index (LAI) and SPAD value were highest, respectively at different developmental stages.Under 187.5 kg/hm2 phosphorus condition, the leaf area index (LAI) value was significantly higher than that under the other treatments.With the increase of phosphorus application, the plant height of maize was increased, which showed the exponential trend.[Conclusion]Conclusively, the yield peaked at 16,021.61 kg/hm2 under the appropriate phosphorus application of 213.8 kg/hm2 at this experimental site.

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Effects of Pyroxsulam on Growth and Development of Different Varieties of Wheat LI Ya-dong;HE Shuang;TIAN Xiao-ming;DONG Xue;YANG De-song 2017, 54(4): 682-693.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1335KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to evaluate the safety of 7.5; pyroxsulam to wheat varieties of Xinjiang and provide reference for the safe production of wheat.[Method]The effects of different physiological indexes of different wheat varieties in Xinjiang were studied by pot culture and plate method.[Result]The results indicated that there was a certain extent inhibitory effect of pyroxsulam on various physiological indexes of wheat.And the tolerance of Zhongyou 9507, Shidong 8, Shimai 15 and Jimai 22 against pyroxsulam were the strongest, while Kendong 00(2), Xindong 27, Xindong 20, Gaocheng 8901,Yannong 19,Xindong 38 and Xindong 17 were the weakest.[Conclusion]Pyroxsulam differed significantly in security among different wheat varieties of Xinjiang, so it should be used with caution for sensitive varieties.

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Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Characteristics and Quality Traits of Different Silage Maize Varieties LEI Zhi-gang;WANG Ye-jian;XI Hao-jiang;LI Ming-dong;LI Zhao-feng;ZHAO Hai-ju;HAN Deng-xu;YANG Jie;Abulaiti Abula;LIANG Xiao-ling 2017, 54(4): 694-699.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1124KB) ( )   [Objective] The research aims to study the correlation between quality characters and agronomic characters of different silage maize varieties, and to provide basis for breeding high quality silage maize varieties.[Method]In the field experiment, a randomized block design was used to investigate the related agronomic traits, and the whole plant corn was collected at the end of the milk and the beginning of the early dough stage, and the related quality traits were determined.The correlation analysis was performed by DPS software.[Result]The content of crude fat was extremely significantly correlated with number of tillers(r=0.744,1**).The content of crude starch was extremely significantly correlated with height of tillers, height of ear of plant and number of ears(r=0.860,5**, 0.809,7**, 0.721,3**) respectively.The content of crude fiber was extremely significantly correlated with weight of stalk and weight of leaves(r=0.674,0**、0.600,9**).The content of both NDF and ADF were extremely significantly correlated with weight of stalk(r=0.835,8**, 0.805,0**).[Conclusion]The quality of the tillering silage maize was significantly higher than that of single stem silage corn, crude fat, crude starch were significantly higher than those of single stalk silage maize.The neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content was significantly lower than those of single stalk silage maize varieties.When indirectly selecting the quality traits, attention should be paid to the multi spike material, and other agronomic characteristics should be also considered to coordinate the relationship between yield and quality.

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Evaluation of Control Effect of a New Type of Aphid Alarm Pheromone Analog 12.5; CAU1204 Microemulsion against Chromaphis juglandicola Kaltenbach in Fields CHEN Ai-song;QIN Yao-guo;DUAN Yu-lin;YANG Xin-ling;MA De-ying 2017, 54(4): 700-706.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1203KB) ( )   [Objective] Chromaphis juglandicola Kaltenbach is an important pest in the production of walnut.This project aims to find new compounds to control it.[Method]Control effect evaluation of a new aphid alarm pheromone analog 12.5; CAU1204 Microemulsion against Chromaphis juglandicola Kaltenbach was studied by pesticide spraying method.[Result]It was suggested that the spraying of 12.5;CAU1204 Microemulsion was safe to walnut and a significant dosage response was observed in the tested dosage range of 7.5 g·ai / hm2-60 g·ai / hm2, and the efficacy ascended along with the dosage increasing.The best effect was obtained in the dosage of 60 g·ai / hm2, and the effect reached up to 74; after the application of 7 d and 9 d.There were no significant differences between the dosages of 30 g·ai / hm2 and 60 g·ai / hm2.The efficacy was significantly increased by 38.83; in the treatment of combined use of 15 g·ai / hm2 CAU1204 and 45 g·ai / hm2 imidacloprid to compare with the same dosage of single CAU1204 treatment.[Conclusion]The new compound CAU1204 Microemulsion showed fine effect to Chromaphis juglandicola Kaltenbach, and the combined use with imidacloprid can significantly enhance the control effect.

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Effect of Water Stress on Germination of Egypt Broomrape-Processing Tomato and Its Parasitic Relationship SHA Jie;CHEN Lian-fang;ZHI Jin-hu;WANG Lan;WANG De-sheng;Enwer Umar 2017, 54(4): 707-714.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1180KB) ( )   [Objective] The project aims to conduct experiments for researching the effect of water stress on the parasitic relationship of Egypt broomrape and processing tomato and the control effect of soil moisture on the Egypt broomrape.[Method]After the PEG6000 was used to set different penetration (0 MPa,-0.2 MPa,-0.26 MPa,-0.3 MPa,-0.5 MPa,-0.6 MPa,-0.7 MPa,-0.9 MPa,-1.1 MPa) methods to simulate water stress environment, cultivate seeds and seedlings, the germination rate of processing tomato and Egypt broomrape seeds and their parasitic rate were determined.[Result]Egypt broomrape could germinate under-1.1 MPa press, and processing tomato had no ability to germinate under-0.5 MPa press.In the parasitic process, processing tomato seedlings could endure drought stress of-0.7 MPa, but would die under-0.9 MPa condition.Meanwhile, we had found Egypt broomrape still had the germinating and parasitic ability.[Conclusion]In processing tomato production,there is no significant relationship between soil water content and the growth of Egypt broomrape.simple use of control field irrigation or using drought stress to control Egypt broomrape breeding is not good methods.

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Investigation and Pathogen Detection of Cherry Virus Disease in Greenhouses in Shihezi of Xinjiang ZHOU Deng-pan;HAO Xiao-jun;XIANG Ben-chun 2017, 54(4): 715-724.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1372KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to investigate the situation and identify the virus types of cherry virus diseases in greenhouse cultivation cherry in Shihezi of Xijiang.[Method]Virus diseases were investigated in greenhouse cultivation cherry in Shihezi, eight pairs of specific primers were utilized to detect the 122 symptomatic samples by RT-PCR.[Result]The results show that symptoms mainly included mosaic and green mottle, roll leaf, yellow, deformity, crinkle, etc.RT-PCR amplification showed that Cherry virus (CVA), Prunus necrotic ring spot virus (PNRSV), Prune dwarf virus(PDV), Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV) were found in the samples;The similarity analysis of the nucleotide sequences showed that isolates of CVA-SHZ, PNRSV-SHZ, PDV-SHZ and CGRMV-SHZ were reported in GenBank isolates ChTA12(KT310083.1), DJ1-1(JF333586.1), HSY4-1(HQ539657.1), ZZ-Ch-13(KC965106.1).And their nucleotide homologies were 99.5;, 99.5;, 99.0; and 99.4;,respectively.The average rates of infection with CVA, PNRSV, PDV and CGRMV were 67.3; , 66.1;, 6.5; and 4.9;, respectively.The average rates of infection with more than two viruses were 56.5; samples.[Conclusion]CVA and PNRSV are the main viruses in greenhouse cherry in Shihezi of Xijiang, and the mixed infection of the two are common.This is the first report on the detection of CVA, PNRSV, PDV and CGRMV in cherry in Xinjiang.

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Isolation and Identification of the Pathogens Causing Garlic Root Rot in Jimsar ZHANG Li-juan;WANG Wei;XIE Yu-qing;ZHANG Zhi-dong;GU Mei-ying;ZHU Jing;TANG Qi-yong;WANG Bo;SONG Su-qin 2017, 54(4): 725-734.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1823KB) ( )   [Objective] In order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of garlic root rot disease in Xinjiang, potential pathogens were isolated and identified from root garlic tissues.[Method]Using conventional tissue separation method for the separation and purification of pathogenic bacteria of the strains were identified by traditional morphological identification method combined with molecular biological methods.The method of in situ root injury was used to control the species and pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria by contrast with Koch's postulate.[Result]64 isolates were purified from 3 batches root rot samples in Jimsar County, in which 61species were finally identified as the Fusarium spp.F.oxysporum, F.proliferatum, F.tricinctum, F.redolens, F.verticillioides, F.equiseti were involved in this disease.F.oxysporum and F.proliferatum could be isolated from all growth stages with frequency of 76.6; in total.In situ pathogenicity tests demonstrated that 5 typical strains could cause the infection of root rot at different levels, and the major pathogen was F.oxysporum, followed by F.proliferatum.[Conclusion]Different species of Fusarium spp.are involved in garlic root rot in Xinjiang.F.oxysporum was considered as the dominant pathogen because of its wide distribution, high frequency of isolation and strong pathogenicity.

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Effects of Conservation Tillage on the Production Performance of the Fiirst Cut Alfalfa under Drip Irrigation ZHANG Qian-bing;YU Lei;LU Wei-hua;MA Chun-hui;HE Hai-xiu 2017, 54(4): 735-741.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1117KB) ( )   [Objective] In this study, the control effects of mixed planting of spring wheat and alfalfa on the occurrence rate of weeds in fields were investigated and made clear, and also the effects of conservation tillage on the yield and nutrient quality of alfalfa of the first cut were discussed.[Method]Spring wheat seeding rate gradients included 120 kg/hm2 (S1), 80 kg/hm2 (S2), 240 kg/hm2 (S3), respectively, and alfalfa without sowing was taken as the control (S0).The growth characters of the first cut alfalfa were determined and analyzed.[Result]With the increase of sowing amount, the dry matter yield of spring wheat increased gradually, and the proportion of weeds decreased from 35.3; to 18.4;.The height, stem diameter, stem leaf ratio, hay yield of first cut alfalfa was S1>S0>S2>S3, and the S1 treatment yield was significantly higher than those of S3 and S0 (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences between the treatments S1and S2, S2 and S3, S0 (P>0.05) in the year of sowing.The crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus content in the first cut alfalfa gradually decreased, and the S1 treatment was significantly higher than the S0 and S3 treatment (P<0.05), and the two alfalfa varieties showed the same variation rule.[Conclusion]Protectiive sowing can effectively reduce the proportion of weeds in alfalfa fields.Considering the yield and nutritional quality of alfalfa, the best performance of the first crop of alfalfa can be obtained when the sowing amount of spring wheat is 120~180 kg/hm2.

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Effects of Different Magnetic Intensity Treatments on Growth and Yield of Alfalfa LIU Hong-bo;BAI Yun-gang;ZHANG Jiang-hui;CAO Biao;XIAO Jun 2017, 54(4): 742-747.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1197KB) ( )   [Objective] Alfalfa as the main crops cultivated in the pastoral areas of Xinjiang, due to drought, high evapotranspiration and other special natural conditions, many problems such as excessive irrigation quota and high consumption and low efficiency resulted in it.Based on the drip irrigation technology, through the magnetic treatment on the magnetization under the growth and yield of alfalfa, this project aims to clarify the law of alfalfa growth under the condition of magnetization and provide data support for high quality and high yield of alfalfa and reasonable irrigation system.[Method]Setting 1,000 GS, 3,000 GS and 5,000 GS of three different magnetization, irrigation quota of 3,600 m3/hm2, and irrigation quota of 300 m3/hm2, the growth index and yield index of alfalfa under different magnetic intensities were monitored and the changes of plant growth and yield index were analyzed, thus understanding the effect of magnetization treatment on alfalfa growth.[Result]The results show ed that magnetized water irrigation promoted the growth and yield of alfalfa, compared to the first and second stubble, the average height of magnetized water treatment were 3.4 cm and 7.4 cm higher than, the average stem diameter of the control group.The average stem diameter was 0.17 mm and 0.25 mm higher than that of the control and the average yield compared with the control group was more than 0.23 kg/m2 and 0.14 kg/m2.The correlation between yield and plant height and stem diameter was linear (R=0.96), and the fitting equation was Y=-0.883,4+0.017,7 X1+0.137,4 X2.[Conclusion]In the alfalfa first year growth period, magnetized water irrigation can promote the growth and yield of alfalfa, but with the magnetization increase, yield would decrease, and the alfalfa is a perennial crop, reasonable selection of magnetization still needs to be further researched in selecting reasonable magnetization intensity in the future.

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Dynamic Changes and Evaluation of Nutrients of Natural Grassland Vegetation of Three Important Grassland Types in Xinjiang Shaertao Mountain YU Xiao-xia;ZHANG Fan-fan;YANG Kai-hu;YU Lei;ZHANG Wen-ju;LU Wei-hua 2017, 54(4): 748-755.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1224KB) ( )   [Objective] This study aims to explore the monthly dynamic changes and nutritional value of the three important grassland types in Xinjiang Shaertao Mountain and comprehensively rank the nutritive content of the three important grassland types (Stipa capillata + Achnatherum splendens, Iris ruthenica + Gramineae, Dactylis glomerata + herabarum varianum).[Method]The international standard method was used to measure the content of nutrients in the grass groups.The data were processed by SPSS 17, Duncan and membership function analysis.[Result]The result showed that the content of crude protein, calcium, phosphorus and total gross energy gradually reduced with the increase of month, while the content of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber tended to be increased.The order of comprehensive nutritive value during growth was May>June>July>August>September>October>November.The comprehensive nutritive value evaluation of different grassland types of vegetation was the third type(Dactylis glomerata+herabarum varianum), the second type(Iris ruthenica+Gramineae), the first type(Stipa capillata + Achnatherum splendens), respectively, in May and June.And from July to November, it was the second type, the third type, the first type, respectively.[Conclusion]According to the seasonal characters, the 3 important grass groups in the natural grassland in Xinjiang Shaertao Mountain in June and July have better utilization value.

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The Succession of Plant Biodiversity in Different Degraded of Bayinbluk Alpine Grasslands DONG lei;AN Sha-zhou;DONG Yi-qiang;ZHANG Ai-ning;ZHANG Rui-si;XIA Xiao-wei;Kasidaer·Nuerdanbike 2017, 54(4): 756-765.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1222KB) ( )   [Objective] Bayinbuluke alpine grassland was taken the research object to research the degradation succession of vegetation diversity in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the scientific management of alpine grassland.[Method]By using the method of space to replace the time degradation gradient degradation successional sequence, the field investigation of plant communities during different alpine grassland degradation stages in Bayinbuluk was carried out.The variation of vegetation diversity was studied by using the index of α and β diversity.[Result]The results showed that Simpson index increased significantly by 9.6;-13.7; compared with non-degradation;and with the increasing degraded succession, Margalef index showed a slight increase and a significant decline trend, but the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index showed the fluctuation of upward then downward and upward change.In addition, with the worsening of grassland, the resource heterogeneity was decreased in the quadrat, but increased among quadrats, so the β diversity was increased.Cody index showed the tendency of "up-down", this result showed the species substitution rate increased first and then decreased.Bray-Curtis index was higher in light-degradation, mid-degradation and heavy-degradation grassland than non-degradation grassland, and it indicated that there were more common species among different degraded grasslands.[Conclusion]In the alpine grassland, species composition changed at different degradation succession stages, the forage grass with good palatability reduced, poisonous grass increased, resulting in reduction of the quality of grassland.

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Remote Sensing Monitoring of Bosten Lake Water Resources and Its Driving Factor Analysis Aynur Mamat;müt Halik;Ayjamal Keram;SONG Ze-liang 2017, 54(4): 766-774.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1344KB) ( )   [Objective] In this paper, Bosten Lake as the research object, comprehensive analysis of the water area variation of Bosten Lake and its driving factors will be conducted, and also the variation trend of Bosten Lake in 2020 and 2030 will be predicted, thus providing scientific foundation for understanding the causes of water-surface area variations and for offering scientific advise for the rational development of water resources of Bosten Lake.[Method]Based on four period remote sensing data and 30 years of climate and socio-economic statistical data, by applying 3S technology, principal component analysis and regression analysis to calculate the 1978, 1990, 2000, 2015 years four period waters area of Bosten Lake, and find out the driving force of water area change.[Result](1) Bosten Lake lost about 39.75 km2 water area from 1978 to 2015 and the whole process of change was not a simple reduction but the process of changing from small to large and small size, characterized by volatility;(2) Principal component analysis result indicated that human factors (population, irrigation area, water amount, irrigation amount) and climatic factors (runoff, temperature, precipitation) were the two major factors affecting the change of Bosten Lake water area.Their contribution rates were 47.793; and 37.818;, respectively in the whole process, which demonstrated that the changes of water area were largely affected by human activity rather than climate change.(3) By establishing a multivariate regression model, we predicted changes of Bosten Lake water area from the year 2020 to 2030.Our regression model suggested that Bosten Lake water area will maintain a continuous reduction trend in the future few year, and water area in 2020 and 2030 years will be 939.226 and 935.34 km2.[Conclusion]The driving force of lake resource changes is not only climate fluctuations, but also human activities.In the short term, human activities are the mainly affecting factors of the Bosten Lake water resource change.And the human activities interference is growing.These findings provide scientific foundation for understanding the causes of water-surface area variations and for effectively maintaining the stability of the Bosten Lake area through adjustments in land use structure.

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Study on the Growth Rule of Lamb of 0-60 days old in Xinji Fine-Wool Sheep HE Jun-min;ZHANG Yan-hua;Hanikezi Tulafu;YU Li-juan;TIAN Yue-zhen;XU Xin-ming;FU Xue-feng;TIAN Ke-chuan;HUANG Xi-xia 2017, 54(4): 775-781.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1110KB) ( )   [Objective] In this paper, the growth and development of 0-60 days old Xinji fine wool sheep were studied.Because the growth development is faster between birth and 60-day-old lamb, the main aim of this study is to understand the variation process of growth of fine-wool sheep lamb from birth to 60 days of age, so as to provide a theoretical basis for better production in early rearing.[Method]In this study, the weights of birth, 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 50 days, and 60 days of age of 613 Xinji fine-wool sheep lamb at Tacheng sheep breeding farm were determined and analyzed.The growth rules of different day old lambs, and the effects of different groups on the growth of the lambs were analyzed,too.[Result]The results showed that the daily gain weight and relative growth of Xinji fine-wool sheep lamb were the fastest at 0-10 days of age, decreased at 20-50 days of age, and even decreased greatly at 50-60 days of age;the growth process of them could be divided into 3 stages, which were named 0-10 days, 20-50 days, and 50-60 days, respectively.[Conclusion]At 0-10 days of age, lambs grow very fast, so they must be allowed to eat colostrum and the ewes' lactation should strengthened.20-50 days of age is the new gill fine lamb growth period of rapid development, therefore, the feeding and management of lambs should be strengthened too and their nutritional supply must be met.Those in good feeding and management grow fast and daily gain weight is better.