Abstract: 【Objective】 Desert highway shelterbelts play a major role in wind prevention and sand fixation, as well as oxygen release and carbon fixation. By investigating vegetation along the Tarim Desert Highway and obtaining corresponding measured data, this study aims to further reveal the ecological and environmental effects and artificial ecosystem service functions of desert highway shelterbelts, providing a scientific basis for artificial forest management and carbon storage assessment in arid desert areas. 【Methods】 In this study, we compared the photosynthetic rate model with the biomass model to estimate the photosynthetic rate and the optimal biomass model of each of the three main forest-building plants in the shelterbelt, and then estimated their carbon sinksink capacity and carbon storage, taking the planted shelterbelt along the highway in the Tarim Desert as an object of study. 【Results】 There were significant differences in carbon fixation per unit leaf area among the three plants in the photosynthetic carbon fixation model, which were in the order of Haloxylon ammodendron > Calligonum mongolicum > Tamarix ramosissima. The optimal biomass models of the three plants were all power functions. The validation results showed that the regression determination coefficients between the predicted and measured values exceeded 90%, indicating high precision and reliability of the models. The total carbon sfixation of the desert highway shelterbelt estimated by the photosynthetic method was 567,431.68 tons, and the value estimated by the biomass method was 565,083.75 tons, indicating that the carbon sink estimated by the two methods was comparable. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in nitrogen fixation among the 3 species(Haloxylon ammodendron > Calligonum mongolicum > Tamarix ramosissima),indicating high precision and reliability of the models.